Effect of range of motion in heavy load squatting on muscle and tendon adaptations

Abstract

This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih Bloomquist, K. L., Langberg, H. C., Karlsen, S., Madsgaard, S., Boesen, M., Raastad, T. (2013 AbstractPurpose Manipulating joint range of motion during squat training may have differential effects on adaptations to strength training with implications for sports and rehabilitation. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of squat training with a short vs. a long range of motion.Methods Male students (n=17) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of progressive squat training (repetition matched, repetition maximum sets) performed as either a) deep squat (0-120˚ of knee flexion); n=8 (DS) or (b) shallow squat (0-60˚ of knee flexion); n=9 (SS). Strength (1 RM and isometric strength), jump performance, muscle architecture and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the thigh muscles, as well as CSA and collagen synthesis in the patellar tendon, were assessed before and after the intervention. ResultsThe DS group increased 1RM in both the SS and DS with ~20±3%, while the SS group achieved a 36±4% increase in the SS, and 9±2% in the DS (P<0.05). However, the main finding was that DS training resulted in superior increases in front thigh muscle CSA (4-7%) compared to SS training, whereas no differences were observed in patellar tendon CSA. In parallel with the larger increase in front thigh muscle CSA, a superior increase in isometric knee extension strength at 75˚(6±2%) and 105˚(8±1%) knee flexion, and squat-jump performance (15±3%), were observed in the DS group compared to the SS group. ConclusionTraining deep squats elicited favourable adaptations on knee extensor muscle size and function compared to training shallow squats.Running title: Squat range of motion and musculotendinous adaptations 3

The effect of Nordic hamstring exercise training volume on biceps femoris long head architectural adaptation

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Is There Any Practical Application of Meta-Analytical Results in Strength Training?

“…In previous studies, participants whose training differed only in ROM of the exercise performed (e.g., all other variables were controlled) showed between group variation in muscle size, strength, and decreases in skinfold thickness in favor of a larger ROM (Massey et al, 2005; Pinto et al, 2012; Bloomquist et al, 2013; McMahon et al, 2014). Thus, we believe that if ROM is not reported and controlled this may have differed between interventions and depending on the outcome examined may impact any conclusions.…”

Short-term Periodization Models: Effects on Strength and Speed-strength Performance

“…Statistically significant increases in muscle CSA in male [22,168,169] and female subjects [170] without strength training experience have been observed after training durations of 8 [169] and 12 weeks [170] of the upper extremities [169,170] and after training durations of 6 [22] and 12 weeks of the lower extremities [168,170]. Souza et al [22] found equal statistically significant gains in the muscle CSA of the quadriceps after three training protocols (non-periodized, SPP, and DUP) over 6 weeks (half squats and knee extension).…”