Effect of Rearing Strategy and Gamma Radiation on Field Competitiveness of Mass-Reared Codling Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Bloem, Stephanie; Carpenter, James E.; Bloem, Kenneth A.; Tomlin, Lorne; Taggart, Shannon

doi:10.1603/0022-0493-97.6.1891

Cited by 32 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the development of the SIT as a component of AW-IPM for this pest species, it is important to identify the optimal dose of radiation that provides a balance between insect sterility and insect competitiveness (Bakri et al 2005b). Bloem et al (2001Bloem et al ( , 2004 demonstrated that codling moth performance and competitiveness in the field was significantly improved when the irradiation dose was 150 Gy compared to a higher dose of 250 Gy. Other researchers also have suggested the use of low radiation doses (100-150 Gy) that would be high enough to completely sterilize female codling moths but low enough to allow the irradiated males to remain competitive (Anisimov 1993;Bloem et al 1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of radiation on fecundity and fertility of codling moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from South Africa

Blomefield

Bloem

Carpenter

2010

J Applied Entomology

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Codling moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is the key pest of pome fruit in South Africa, and it’s control in apple and pear orchards relies on the application of insecticides and pheromone‐mediated mating disruption. Development of resistance to insecticides and placement of restrictions on the use of certain insecticides has made control of codling moth in South Africa increasingly problematic. The use of the sterile insect technique (SIT) as a control tactic for codling moth is under investigation as a potential addition to the current control strategy. We investigated the radiosensitivity of a laboratory strain of codling moth that was established from moths collected from commercial and organic orchards in the Western Cape, South Africa. Fecundity and fertility of this strain following radiation were consistent with values for the codling moth strain in the Canadian rearing facility in British Columbia. For both strains, the female codling moth was considerably more radiosensitive than the male. At a radiation dose of 100 Gy or higher, treated females were 100% sterile. The fertility of the South African strain was higher (86.3%) than for the Canadian strain (71.9%). This difference in fertility between the two strains was maintained when the dose of radiation was 100 Gy. However, the level of fertility was very similar between the two strains for doses ≥150 Gy. Therefore, based upon previously published work and the data from this study, an operational dose of 150 Gy is recommended for future codling moth SIT programmes in South Africa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of radiation on fecundity and fertility of codling moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from South Africa

Blomefield

Bloem

Carpenter

2010

J Applied Entomology

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“…In the context of AW-IPM programmes including an SIT component, it is well known that colonization, mass rearing and irradiation processes could affect the mating competitiveness of the released males [26–31]. Male An.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of genetic manipulation, dieldrin treatment and irradiation on the mating competitiveness of male Anopheles arabiensis in field cages

Yamada

Vreysen

Gilles

et al. 2014

Malar J

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BackgroundTo enable the release of only sterile male Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes for the sterile insect technique, the genetic background of a wild-type strain was modified to create a genetic sexing strain ANO IPCL1 that was based on a dieldrin resistance mutation. Secondly, the eggs of ANO IPCL1 require treatment with dieldrin to allow complete elimination of female L1 larvae from the production line. Finally, male mosquito pupae need to be treated with an irradiation dose of 75 Gy for sterilization. The effects of these treatments on the competitiveness of male An. arabiensis were studied.MethodsThe competitiveness of ANO IPCL1 males that were treated either with irradiation or both dieldrin and irradiation, was compared with that of the wild-type strain (An. arabiensis Dongola) at a 1:1 ratio in 5.36 m3 semi-field cages located in a climate-controlled greenhouse. In addition, three irradiated: untreated male ratios were tested in semi-field cages (1:1, 5:1 and 10:1) and their competition for virgin wild-type females was assessed.ResultsThe ANO IPCL1 males were equally competitive as the wild-type males in this semi-field setting. The ANO IPCL1 males irradiated at 75 Gy were approximately half as competitive as the unirradiated wild-type males. ANO IPCL1 males that had been treated with dieldrin as eggs, and irradiated with 75 Gy as pupae were slightly more competitive than males that were only irradiated. Ratios of 1:1, 5:1 and 10:1 irradiated ANO IPCL1 males: untreated wild-type males resulted in 31, 66 and 81% induced sterility in the female cage population, respectively.ConclusionsAn irradiation dose of 75 Gy reduced the competitiveness of male ANO IPCL1 significantly and will need to be compensated by releasing higher numbers of sterile males in the field. However, the dieldrin treatment used to eliminate females appears to have an unexpected radioprotectant effect, however the mechanism is not understood. A sterile to wild-type ratio of 10:1 effectively reduced the population’s fertility under the experimental field cage conditions, but further studies in the field will be needed to confirm the efficiency of sterile ANO IPCL1 males when competing against wild males for wild females.

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“…The performance of mass reared insects can decrease over the generations due to adaptation to laboratory conditions and behavioural changes (Bloem et al 2004). Changes in host finding and acceptance behaviours, as well as courtship behaviour, of mass produced insects have been investigated in many species (Bloem et al 2006 and references therein), including several Braconidae (Jimenez 1987;Hamm et al 1992;Bautista and Harris 1997;Kimani-Njogu et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of mass-rearing on the host seeking behaviour and parasitism by the fruit fly parasitoid Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Canale

Benelli

2011

J Pest Sci

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Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a koinobiont larval-pupal endoparasitoid of a large number of tephritids. P. concolor can be commonly reared on fully grown Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae. In our laboratory, over 180 consecutive generations have been completed on C. capitata. In this study, we tested the possibility that the uninterrupted mass-rearing of P. concolor on C. capitata may influence its host location and parasitisation behaviours when used against Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae), the fruit fly commonly targeted in mass release of P. concolor in olive-groves. Choice and nochoice tests were used with naïve and experienced P. concolor females exposed to B. oleae and/or C. capitata larvae. The study showed no significant difference in oviposition behaviours and host acceptance when provided either C. capitata or B. oleae. However, the study did show that experience on a host plus a substrate complex could influence host preferences, since females that had previous oviposition experience on a given host species searched and chose significantly more when the same host species was presented, both in choice and no-choice conditions. Therefore, within the context of the pest management of fruit flies, it could be very useful to incorporate procedures in insectary-propagated fruit fly parasitoids designed to provide adequate training (i.e. oviposition experience) on the fruit fly species needing to be controlled.

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Effect of Rearing Strategy and Gamma Radiation on Field Competitiveness of Mass-Reared Codling Moths (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of radiation on fecundity and fertility of codling moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from South Africa

Effect of radiation on fecundity and fertility of codling moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from South Africa

The effects of genetic manipulation, dieldrin treatment and irradiation on the mating competitiveness of male Anopheles arabiensis in field cages

Impact of mass-rearing on the host seeking behaviour and parasitism by the fruit fly parasitoid Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

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