Effect of reduced alcohol consumption on blood pressure in untreated hypertensive men.

Ueshima, Hirotsugu; Mikawa, K; Baba, Shunroku; Sasaki, S; Ozawa, Hideki; Tsushima, Motoo; Kawaguchi, Akito; Omae, Teruo; Katayama, Yoshikazu; Kayamori, Yuzo

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.21.2.248

Cited by 107 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The drinker subgroup showed lower BP than the non drinker subgroup in JB-women. Alcohol is a substantial risk factor for HT (64,65), but no close positive relationship was found at the individual level in this study, probably due to the small sample size. The rate of smoking was also higher in JJ than in JB, but no relationship between smoking rate and ECG ST-T change prevalence was apparent at the population level.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

The Relationship of Dietary Factors to Cardiovascular Diseases among Japanese in Okinawa and Japanese Immigrants, Originally from Okinawa, in Brazil.

et al. 1992

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To investigate the relationship of dietary factors to cardiovascular diseases, we conducted a study of 234 middle-aged Japanese men and women in Okinawa (JJ), and 160 Japanese immigrants of similar age, originally from Okinawa, in Brazil (JB). JB showed double the prevalence (%) of ST-T changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) (JJ: M3.4, F4.4, JB: M8.3, F10.1) and of hypertension (HT) (JJ: M15.9, F18.4; JB: M32.8, F36.4, p < 0.05) when this was assessed on BP> 160195 and/or the taking of antihypertensive medication; however the mean level of blood pressure did not differ. A gradient in the rate of HT in men and of ECG ST-T changes in both sexes was observed from JJ to JB of first-generation and to JB of second-generation. JB had much higher body mass index (kg/m2) (JJ: M24.8 ± 0.3, F24.8 ± 0.4; JB:M26.2 ± 0.4, F26.5±0.4, p < 0.01) in both sexes, and an 8-fold higher rate of oral contraceptive usage (p < 0.001). Total cholesterol level showed no significant difference between JJ and JB. 24-hour urinary taurine excretion in both sexes and plasma phospholipid n-3 fatty acid level in men were significantly higher in JJ than in JB. The dietary pattern in Japanese immigrants in Brazil, characterized by low fish and large meat intake, is possibly responsible for the higher risk of HT and ECG ST-T changes, indicating the importance of dietary rather than genetic factors. (Hypertens Res 1992;15: 45-55)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

The Relationship of Dietary Factors to Cardiovascular Diseases among Japanese in Okinawa and Japanese Immigrants, Originally from Okinawa, in Brazil.

et al. 1992

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“…69 In hypertensive subjects, the BP was 5/3 mm Hg higher in the unrestricted than during the restricted period. 70 Ueshima et al 71 also examined the effect of a 2-week period of alcohol intake and restriction using a crossover method in Japanese hypertensive patients and observed a similar BP elevation with alcohol consumption.…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Kawano

2010

Hypertens Res

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Alcohol has complex effects on the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this article is to review physio-pathological effects of alcohol on cardiovascular and related systems and to describe its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The relationship between alcohol and hypertension is well known, and a reduction in the alcohol intake is widely recommended in the management of hypertension. Moreover, alcohol has both pressor and depressor actions. The latter actions are clear in Oriental subjects, especially in those who show alcohol flush because of the genetic variation in aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Repeated alcohol intake in the evening causes an elevation in daytime and a reduction in nighttime blood pressure (BP), with little change in the average 24-h BP in Japanese men. Thus, the hypertensive effect of alcohol seems to be overestimated by the measurement of casual BP during the day. Heavy alcohol intake seems to increase the risk of several cardiovascular diseases, such as hemorrhagic stroke, arrhythmia and heart failure. On the other hand, alcohol may act to prevent atherosclerosis and to decrease the risk of ischemic heart disease, mainly by increasing HDL cholesterol and inhibiting thrombus formation. A J-or U-shaped relationship has been observed between the level of alcohol intake and risk of cardiovascular mortality and total mortality. It is reasonable to reduce the alcohol intake to less than 30 ml per day for men and 15 ml per day for women in the management of hypertension. As a small amount of alcohol seems to be beneficial, abstinence from alcohol is not recommended to prevent cardiovascular disease. INTRODUCTIONAlcohol has complex effects on the cardiovascular system. The relationship between alcohol and hypertension is well known, and a restriction of alcohol intake is widely recommended as a part of lifestyle modifications in the management of hypertension. 1-6 Alcohol has both pressor and depressor actions, however, and the genetic susceptibility regarding alcohol metabolism influences the cardiovascular effect of alcohol. 3,7 The effect of alcohol on blood pressure (BP) is also modified by several factors, such as the level of consumption, time period after the last drink and overall drinking behavior.Alcohol consumption is associated with several cardiovascular diseases, such as brain hemorrhage, heart failure and arrhythmia, as well as with other disorders. 3,[8][9][10][11] Heavy drinking and alcoholism not only lead to medical problems but are also serious social concerns. However, alcohol also seems to have beneficial effects, including the prevention of ischemic heart disease. It has been shown that cardiovascular and all-cause mortality is lower in light drinkers compared with nondrinkers. 3,[8][9][10][11][12] The purpose of this article is to review physio-pathological effects of alcohol on cardiovascular and related systems and to describe its role

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“…The above-mentioned studies 11,[14][15][16] and intervention studies [18][19][20][21][22][23] indicate that an increase in alcohol consumption is associated with a significant increase in blood pressure, whereas decreased alcohol consumption is associated with a significant decrease in blood pressure in the subjects including hypertensive participants. In this study, we found that changes in alcohol consumption linearly associated with changes in blood pressure even in normotensive subjects.…”

Section: Journal Of Human Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption and blood pressure change: 5-year follow-up study of the association in normotensive workers

et al. 2001

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This study endeavours to clarify the effect of alcohol consumption on changes in the blood pressure of Japanese men. The subjects, who were followed from 1990 to 1995, were 2189 male normotensive steelworkers aged from 40 to 54 years in 1990. Drinking habits were represented by two variables: average daily baseline alcohol consumption, and change in alcohol consumption during the observation period, both derived from self-report questionnaires and interviews. Nine other items were analysed as covariates: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, age, body mass index (BMI), salt intake, physical activity, and levels of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GTP), uric acid and plasma glucose in 1990. The association between drinking habits and blood pressure was evaluated using ANCOVA. Subjects who had initiated antihypertensive therapy by 1995 were excluded from this dataset. The results of analysis dis-

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Effect of reduced alcohol consumption on blood pressure in untreated hypertensive men.

Cited by 107 publications

References 30 publications

The Relationship of Dietary Factors to Cardiovascular Diseases among Japanese in Okinawa and Japanese Immigrants, Originally from Okinawa, in Brazil.

The Relationship of Dietary Factors to Cardiovascular Diseases among Japanese in Okinawa and Japanese Immigrants, Originally from Okinawa, in Brazil.

Physio-pathological effects of alcohol on the cardiovascular system: its role in hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Alcohol consumption and blood pressure change: 5-year follow-up study of the association in normotensive workers

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