Effect of Relative Humidity on Aerosol Generation through Experiments at Low Concentrations of Gaseous Nitric Acid and Ammonia

Kobara, Hitomi; Takeuchi, Koji; Ibusuki, Takashi

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2006.10.0023

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Ammonia is primarily emitted in the atmosphere (from agricultural activities, primarily from the application of nitrogen-based fertilizers and the volatilization of livestock waste). The conversion of NH 3 to NH 4 + aerosol depends on the acid concentrations in the atmosphere, temperature, water availability (Kobara et al, 2007), and the flux rates of NH 3 (Nemitz et al, 2001). California, where little coal was burned, and had higher ratios than Beijing (0.71) , and Shanghai (0.64) from (Wang et al, 2006 except in winter.…”

Section: Concentrations and Seasonal Variations In Water-soluble Ionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal variations and size distributions of water-soluble ions in atmospheric aerosols in Beijing, 2012

Yang¹,

Zhou²,

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Section: Concentrations and Seasonal Variations In Water-soluble Ionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seasonal variations and size distributions of water-soluble ions in atmospheric aerosols in Beijing, 2012

Yang¹,

Zhou²,

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…NH 3 concentrations were lower than NH + 4 in spring, autumn and winter, but higher than NH + 4 in summer. NH 3 may undergo conversion to NH + 4 aerosol in the atmosphere, which depends on the concentration of acids in the atmosphere, temperature, and water availability (Kobara et al, 2007), as well as flux rates of NH 3 (Nemitz et al, 2001). Monthly NH 3 concentrations were significantly correlated with NH + 4 concentrations (R = 0.64, P < 0.0001).…”

Section: Relationship Between Nh 3 and Nh + 4 In Pm 25 At Rural Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of atmospheric ammonia over Beijing, China

et al. 2011

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Continuous measurements of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) were conducted using Ogawa passive samplers from February 2008 to July 2010 at an urban site and from January 2007 to July 2010 at a rural site in Beijing, China. NH4+ in fine particles was also collected at the rural site during 2008–2009. The field comparison between the Ogawa passive samplers and an active analyzer for NH3 conducted at the urban site assures the quality and accuracy of the measurements. The concentrations of NH3 at the urban site ranged from 0.7 to 85.1 ppb, with the annual average of 18.5 ± 13.8 and 23.5 ± 18.0 ppb in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The NH3 concentrations at the rural site were lower than those at urban site, and varied from 0.8 to 42.9 ppb, with the annual average of 4.5 ± 4.6, 6.6 ± 7.0 and 7.1 ± 3.5 ppb in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. The data showed marked seasonal variations at both sites. The results emphasized traffic to be a significant source of NH3 concentrations in winter in urban areas of Beijing. This was illustrated by the strong correlations of NH3 with the traffic related pollutants (NOx and CO) and also by the bimodal diurnal cycle of NH3 concentrations that was synchronized with traffic. Similar patterns were not observed during the summer, suggesting other non-traffic sources became more important. At the rural site, the daily NH4+ concentrations ranged from 0.10 to 36.53 μg m−3, with an average of 7.03 μg m−3 from June 2008 to December 2009. Monthly NH3 were significantly correlated with NH4+ concentrations. Average monthly NH3/NH4+ ratios varied from 0.13 to 2.28, with an average of 0.73. NH4+ in PM2.5 was primarily associated with SO4−2 at the rural site

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“…NH 3 concentrations were lower than NH + 4 in spring, autumn and winter, but higher than NH + 4 in summer. NH 3 may undergo conversion to NH + 4 aerosol in the atmosphere, which depends on the concentration of acids in the atmosphere, temperature, and water availability (Kobara et al, 2007), as well as flux rates of NH 3 (Nemitz et al, 2001). With respect to percentage of the total mass, SO 2− 4 was the most important species on average in PM 2.5 at SDZ.…”

Section: Relationship Between Nh 3 and Nh +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of atmospheric ammonia over Beijing, China

Meng¹,

Lin²,

Jiang³

et al. 2011

Preprint

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Continuous measurements of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) were conducted using Ogawa passive samplers from February 2008 to July 2010 at an urban site and from January 2007 to July 2010 at a rural site in Beijing, China. NH4+ in fine particles was also collected at rural site during 2008–2009. The field comparison between the Ogawa passive samplers and an active analyzer for NH3 conducted at an urban site assures the quality and accuracy of the measurements. The concentrations of NH3 at urban site ranged from 0.7 to 85.1 ppb, with the annual average of 18.5 ± 13.8 and 23.5 ± 18.0 ppb in 2008 and 2009. The NH3 concentrations at rural site were lower than those at urban site, and varied from 0.8 to 42.9 ppb, with the annual average of 4.5 ± 4.6, 6.6 ± 7.0 and 7.1 ± 3.5 ppb in 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. The data showed marked seasonal variations at both sites. The results emphasized traffic to be a significant source of NH3 concentrations in winter in urban areas of Beijing. This was illustrated by the correlations of NH3 with the traffic related pollutants (NOx and CO) and also by the bimodal diurnal cycle of NH3 concentrations that was synchronized with traffic. These patterns were not observed during the summer, suggesting other sources became more important. At rural site, the daily NH4+ concentrations ranged from 0.10 to 36.53 μg/m3, with an average of 6.94 μg/m3 from June 2008 to December 2009. Monthly NH3 were significantly correlated with NH4+ concentrations. Average monthly NH3/NH4+ ratios varied from 0.13 to 2.28, with an average of 0.73

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Effect of Relative Humidity on Aerosol Generation through Experiments at Low Concentrations of Gaseous Nitric Acid and Ammonia

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Seasonal variations and size distributions of water-soluble ions in atmospheric aerosols in Beijing, 2012

Seasonal variations and size distributions of water-soluble ions in atmospheric aerosols in Beijing, 2012

Characteristics of atmospheric ammonia over Beijing, China

Characteristics of atmospheric ammonia over Beijing, China

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