Effect of Remineralization Potential of ACP–CPP with Fluoride and ACP–CPP on Enamel Subsurface Lesion in Primary and Young Permanent Teeth: In situ Study

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the remineralization potential of amorphous calcium phosphate-casein phosphopeptide (ACP-CPP), ACP-CPP with fluoride and placebo group in an in situ model concerning enamel subsurface lesion in primary and young permanent teeth. Materials and methods: This randomized double-blind crossover in situ study was conducted for 21 days. Fifteen healthy children in the age group of 12-15 years with a mean age of 13.5 years wore acrylic palatal appliances having two rows of four demineralized enamel slabs. The left row consisted of the enamel slabs of primary teeth, and the right row consisted of enamel slabs of young permanent teeth. Changes in the enamel microhardness and surface roughness were assessed using surface microhardness assessment analysis and Scanning electron microscopy in three different groups (group I ACP-CPP with fluoride, group II ACP-CPP, and group III Nonfluoridated toothpaste). Results: Mean change in microhardness was higher in enamel slabs of primary teeth as compared to enamel slabs of young permanent teeth. Group I (ACP-CPP with fluoride) showed maximum microhardness (p 0.579). Statistically, the insignificant difference was found between group II (ACP-CPP) (p 0.739) and group III (non-fluoridated toothpaste) (p 0.011). SEM evaluation revealed mean scores were minimum at baseline and maximum after demineralization. After remineralization, mean scores were minimum in group I (ACP-CPP with fluoride) (3.94) and maximum in group III (nonfluoridated toothpaste) (6.94). Conclusions: ACP-CPP with fluoride showed maximum remineralization potential between primary and permanent enamel groups as compared to ACP-CPP alone and nonfluoridated toothpaste.