Effect of Replacement of Fish Meal by Soybean Meal on Growth of Oreochromis niloticus (Linné, 1758) Juvenile under High Temperature Treatment for Masculinization

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted consecutively in triplicates to evaluate and compare the impact of different feeds on survival rate and growth performances of Oreochromis niloticus larvae during both the heat treatment for thermal masculinization and the subsequent juvenile stage. A commercial feed containing fishmeal with 32.38% crude protein (CFA) and an experimental feed with 25.48% crude protein (EFB) where fishmeal was entirely replaced by soybean meal were tested. In the first experiment, larvae of about 4 days post-hatch were reared for 21 days at a temperature of 36°C and the second has consisted in testing at ambient temperature the performances of these feeds on the previous fry for 70-72 days. Fish were fed four times a day ad libitum.Results showed that there were no significant differences between growth performances (survival rate, final body weight, daily weight gain and specific growth rate) of larvae bred in hot water and nourished with feed containing fishmeal (CFA) or feed containing soybean (EFB) as protein source. However, better results were obtained with control batches bred at ambient temperature and fed with feed CFA or EFB. Postlarval rearing of previously heated fry showed that feed containing fishmeal has similar growth performances as feed containing soybean. Then, soybean meal can replace successfully fish-meal in diet of larvae during heating treatment for masculinization and also for the postlarval rearing of fry.

Containment of Soybean Meal of Plant Estrogen Disrupts Gonads Development of Nile Tilapia

“…These results are consistent with the results of Furuya et al (2004); Zhou and Yue (2010); Mahboob (2014) and Al-Thobaiti et al (2018) which revealed that the replacement of fishmeal by plant protein sources improved fish performance to achieve better growth without any negative impact on fish, not only that but also reduced production costs, thereby increasing the net profit. In contrast, Yatawara and Hettiarachchi (2006) and Boussou et al (2017) mentioned that there were no significant differences (P> 0.05) in growth performance and feed utilization parameters of fish feed containing fishmeal or feed containing different replacing percentage by soybean meal (10-50%) for GIFT tilapia, or diets containing 0%, 16.54%, 33.18% and 66.77% as the protein source for the African catfish, Clarias gariapinus (Ugwoke, 2013) and up to 30% without any reduction in growth rate of Egyptian sole (Bonaldo et al, 2006). Soltan et al (2001) reported that after 16 weeks' experimental period, average body weights of Nile tilapia fish fed diets containing different percentages of soybean meal (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) were 58.…”