Effect of Resin Viscosity in Fiber Reinforcement Compaction in Resin Injection Pultrusion Process

Shakya, N.; Roux, J. A.; Jeswani, A. L.

doi:10.1007/s10443-013-9320-0

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Pultrusion was developed in the late 1950s by W. Brant Goldsworthy and was patented as a method to make a fishing rod [5,6]. Pultrusion technique has become one of the important fiber reinforced polymer composite manufacturing techniques in the recent years and it is reported that it is the most cost effective technique for fabricating structural composite profile [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Manufacturing and evaluation of elastic properties of glass fiber reinforced polymers material

Thien¹,

Quyet²

2019

Vietnam J. Mech.

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Glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) is a new material with many advanced features in terms of strength, light weight, anti-corrosion ability on salty environment, which may replace steel. In this work, we present the technology of manufacturing of GFRP in bar form: pultrusion technology. The production line at the factory is imported from abroad. The objective of the research is to step by step mastering the technology and fully master the production line system of GFRP in bar form in Vietnam. We have fabricated successfully a product of high applicability, which has great potential for development (GFRP in bar form with large diameter, 20 mm). Pultrusion is one of technologies to fabricate the polymer composites used in many industries such as in aerospace, automotive and construction ones industries. The high performance pultruded products that are produced by this technique offer high fiber content of at least 70%. In order to produce high quality pultruded profiles, there are variables such as fiber impregnation, resin viscosity, pulling speed and curing temperature that have to be considered and these requests are discussed in this study. The aim of the present work is evaluating elastic properties like Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio from analytical methods such as Rule of mixture, Halpin-Tsai, Nielsen, Chamis and Hashin elastic models and compared with experiment results. The result shows a big difference. The mechanical characteristics of the GFRP D20 bar depend not only on the composition of components (fiber and epoxy) but also on the manufacturing technology. We propose research further direction: optimize the technological element in manufacturing GFRP bar with large diameter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Manufacturing and evaluation of elastic properties of glass fiber reinforced polymers material

Thien¹,

Quyet²

2019

Vietnam J. Mech.

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“…In the pultrusion process, achieving fiber wet-out gets challenging as the resin viscosity increases because a non-viscous resin offers less resistance to flow compared with a viscous resin [ 33 ]. When MWCNTs are introduced in a polymer resin, the flow characteristics of the resin are significantly altered due to their high aspect ratio [ 34 ].…”

Section: Pre-pultrusion Preparation and Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pultruded GFRP Reinforcing Bars Using Nanomodified Vinyl Ester

et al. 2020

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Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bars have relatively low shear strength, which limits their possible use in civil infrastructure applications with high shear demand, such as concrete reinforcing dowels. We suggest that the horizontal shear strength of GFRP bars can be significantly improved by nanomodification of the vinyl ester resin prior to pultrusion. The optimal content of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) well dispersed into the vinyl ester resin was determined using viscosity measurements and scanning electron micrographs. Longitudinal tension and short beam shear tests were conducted to determine the horizontal shear strength of the nanomodified GFRP reinforcing bars. While the tensile strength of the GFRP reinforcing bars was improved by 20%, the horizontal shear strength of the bars was improved by 111% compared with the shear strength of neat GFRP bars pultruded using the same settings. Of special interest is the absence of the typical broom failure observed in GFRP when MWCNTs were used. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements and fiber volume fraction confirmed the quality of the new pultruded GFRP bars. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) measurements demonstrated the formation of carboxyl stretching in nanomodified GFRP bars, indicating the formation of a new chemical bond. The new pultrusion process using nanomodified vinyl ester enables expanding the use of GFRP reinforcing bars in civil infrastructure applications.

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“…One of the most important parameters in pultrusion is the viscosity of the resin [13][14][15][16][17]. Other influencing factors that are frequently investigated in further studies-besides the pulling speed-are the fiber volume fraction (FVF), curing temperature, reaction kinetics with resin shrinkage and the compression ratio at the injection point [16,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Processing of Epoxy Resins in Pultrusion with Open Bath Impregnation and Closed-Injection Pultrusion

2019

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In this study, the influence of the open bath and closed-injection pultrusion (CIP) processing methods of epoxy resins on the quality of glass fiber composites was investigated. In addition to the state-of-the-art epoxy resin system with long pot life, new resin systems with short pot life have recently been developed. These systems require processing by closed-injection pultrusion. The epoxies with long pot life allow both processing variants. The experimental work was carried out with two types of injection and impregnation chambers (ii_chamber), namely with a conical and a teardrop design. Fully impregnated composites, which were used for further analyses, could be produced by using the conical ii_chamber. The composite properties of the open bath and the conical ii_chamber impregnation methods were compared. No significant influence on the bending stress could be determined; the interlaminar shear strength was up to 10% better with open bath impregnation than with ii_chamber. For the composites investigated, it was shown that the open bath and ii_chamber impregnation methods can be used to produce parts with partially comparable properties, as demonstrated for the epoxy formulation with long pot life. These results indicate that processing of epoxy systems with a short pot life is also possible by closed-injection pultrusion. Furthermore, the influence on the composite properties of the time interval between the mixing of an epoxy resin and processing in an open bath was investigated. No significant effect on the bending stress and interlaminar shear strength could be determined.

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Effect of Resin Viscosity in Fiber Reinforcement Compaction in Resin Injection Pultrusion Process

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

RETRACTED: Manufacturing and evaluation of elastic properties of glass fiber reinforced polymers material

RETRACTED: Manufacturing and evaluation of elastic properties of glass fiber reinforced polymers material

Pultruded GFRP Reinforcing Bars Using Nanomodified Vinyl Ester

Comparison of the Processing of Epoxy Resins in Pultrusion with Open Bath Impregnation and Closed-Injection Pultrusion

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