Effect of retardation on the frequency and linewidth of plasma resonances in a two-dimensional disk of electron gas

Zagorodnev, I. V.; Rodionov, D. A.; Zabolotnykh, A. A.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.103.195431

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Here, we examine the disk plasmons in the limit of

, when the plasmon dispersion equation is transcendent and is given by the following expression [ 53 , 60 ]:

where

and

is the Bessel function of the first kind of the l -th order.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frequency of the external radiation,

, is the extraneous parameter. With appropriate nondimensionalization (all frequencies multiplied by

), the plasma resonances are determined by only two independent dimensionless parameters: dimensionless damping rate

, and the so-called retardation parameter [ 60 ]:

because the denominator of this expression contains the speed of light. Indeed, applying Dispersion Equation ( 1 ) with phenomenological quantization rule

, one can ensure that, when this parameter is small, then the quasistatic frequency is obtained; if

, then a plasmon–polariton with frequency

is obtained.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our case, this term is the octupole radiation of the system. The axisymmetric mode in the ungated limit has a zero dipole moment (

) and a nonzero quadrupole moment (

) [ 60 ]. However, the nearby gate suppresses the quadrupole radiation, rendering the octupole radiation (

) dominant.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We expressed each quantity in Equation ( 18 ) in terms of the current; now, we need an appropriate expression for it. The simplest approximation

is extremely suitable [ 60 ]. Calculating all integrals and taking into account that, in the quasistatic limit

, we arrived at the following final expression:

We find that the collisional term

decays while the radiative contribution

increases with the increase of the retardation parameter.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Two-Dimensional Plasmons in Laterally Confined 2D Electron Systems

2023

Self Cite

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The collective oscillations of charge density (plasmons) in conductive solids are basic excitations that determine the dynamic response of the system. In infinite two-dimensional (2D) electron systems, plasmons have gapless dispersion covering a broad spectral range from subterahertz to infrared, which is promising in light-matter applications. We discuss the state-of-the-art physics of 2D plasmons, especially in confined 2D electron systems in stripe and disk geometry, using the simplest approach for conductivity. When the metal gate is placed in the vicinity of the 2D electron system, an analytical description of the plasmon frequency and damping can be easily obtained. We also analyze gated plasmons in the disk when it was situated at various distances from the gate, and discuss in detail the nontrivial behavior of the damping. We predict that it is not a simple sum of the radiative and collisional dampings, but has a nonmonotonic dependence on the system parameters. For high-mobility 2D systems, this opens the way to achieve the maximal quality factor of plasma resonances. Lastly, we discuss the recently discovered near-gate 2D plasmons propagating along the laterally confined gate, even without applied bias voltage and having gapless dispersion when the gate has the form of a stripe, and discrete spectrum when the gate is in the form of disk. It allows for one to drive the frequency and spatial propagation of such plasmons.

show abstract

“…Here, we examine the disk plasmons in the limit of

, when the plasmon dispersion equation is transcendent and is given by the following expression [ 53 , 60 ]:

where

and

is the Bessel function of the first kind of the l -th order.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frequency of the external radiation,

, is the extraneous parameter. With appropriate nondimensionalization (all frequencies multiplied by

), the plasma resonances are determined by only two independent dimensionless parameters: dimensionless damping rate

, and the so-called retardation parameter [ 60 ]:

because the denominator of this expression contains the speed of light. Indeed, applying Dispersion Equation ( 1 ) with phenomenological quantization rule

, one can ensure that, when this parameter is small, then the quasistatic frequency is obtained; if

, then a plasmon–polariton with frequency

is obtained.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our case, this term is the octupole radiation of the system. The axisymmetric mode in the ungated limit has a zero dipole moment (

) and a nonzero quadrupole moment (

) [ 60 ]. However, the nearby gate suppresses the quadrupole radiation, rendering the octupole radiation (

) dominant.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We expressed each quantity in Equation ( 18 ) in terms of the current; now, we need an appropriate expression for it. The simplest approximation

is extremely suitable [ 60 ]. Calculating all integrals and taking into account that, in the quasistatic limit

, we arrived at the following final expression:

We find that the collisional term

decays while the radiative contribution

increases with the increase of the retardation parameter.…”

Section: Gated Diskmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Two-Dimensional Plasmons in Laterally Confined 2D Electron Systems

2023

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Recently, it was shown that short wavelength of propagating 2d plasmons implies their low excitation efficiency by small scatterers [44]. Interplay of Ohmic and radiative damping was recently studied for 2d plasmons in discs [45], but practically important absorption cross section were not analysed. General constraints on extinction and absorption were recently derived in [46], but applications were demonstrated only for bulk plasmonic structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A place for two-dimensional plasmonics in electromagnetic wave detection

Mylnikov,

Svintsov

2021

Preprint

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Plasmons in two-dimensional electron systems (2DES) feature ultra-strong confinement and are expected to efficiently mediate the interactions between light and charge carriers. Despite these expectations, the electromagnetic detectors exploiting 2d plasmon resonance have been so far inferior to their non-resonant counterparts. Here, we theoretically analyse the origin of these failures, and suggest a proper niche for 2d plasmonics in electromagnetic wave detection. We find that a confined 2DES supporting plasmon resonance has an upper limit of absorption cross-section, which is identical to that of simple metallic dipole antenna. Small size of plasmonic resonators implies their weak dipole moments and impeded coupling to free-space radiation. Achieving the 'dipole limit' of absorption cross-section in isolated 2DES is possible either at unrealistically long carrier momentum relaxation times, or at resonant frequencies below units of terahertz. We further show that amendment of even small metal contacts to 2DES promotes the coupling and reduces the fundamental mode frequency. The contacted resonators can still have deep-subwavelength size. They can be merged into compact arrays of detectors, where signals from elements tuned to different frequencies are summed up. Such arrays may find applications in multi-channel wireless communications, hyper-spectral imaging, and energy harvesting.

show abstract

Identification of dark axisymmetric plasma modes in partially gated two-dimensional electron gas disk

Cheremisin

2023

Physica B: Condensed Matter

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Effect of retardation on the frequency and linewidth of plasma resonances in a two-dimensional disk of electron gas

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Two-Dimensional Plasmons in Laterally Confined 2D Electron Systems

Two-Dimensional Plasmons in Laterally Confined 2D Electron Systems

A place for two-dimensional plasmonics in electromagnetic wave detection

Identification of dark axisymmetric plasma modes in partially gated two-dimensional electron gas disk

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