Effect of rotating arc process on molten pool control in horizontal welding

Guo, Ning; Wang, M. R.; Guo, Wei; Yu, Jihai; Feng, Ji

doi:10.1179/1362171814y.0000000203

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…At the swing speeds of 200 °/s, 400 °/s, 600 °/s, and 800 °/s, the arc tilts from the sides towards the sedimentary layer, ensuring even heating throughout the entire deposition layer. During this process, increasing swing speed leads to a higher instantaneous deposition speed while reducing the welding heat input and dispersing arc force [ 22 , 23 ]. With the increase in swing speed, the arc size increases gradually.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The droplet spatter increases with the increase in the swing speed, which is caused by the centrifugal force generated by the swing affecting the arc stability (Figure 5b-e). In the partially enlarged image, it can be seen that the winding lines appear on the surface of the micro-control deposition layer, which is caused by the swinging arc stirring the molten pool and promoting the molten pool flow [23]. Figure 6 shows the cross-section morphology and the single-layer width of thinwalled deposition components with different deposition trajectories.…”

Section: Appearance and Microstructure Of Thin-walled Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improvement in Microstructure and Properties of 304 Steel Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing by the Micro-Control Deposition Trajectory

Zhang,

Liu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Materials

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In this study, the GMAW welding torch was controlled by a stepping motor to achieve a periodic swing. By controlling the swing speed, a micro-variable deposition path was obtained, which was called the micro-control deposition trajectory. The influence of the micro-control deposition trajectory on the arc characteristics, microstructure, and mechanical properties of 304 steel wire arc additive manufacturing was studied. The results showed that the micro-control deposition process was affected by the swing arc and the deposition trajectory and that the arc force was dispersed over the whole deposition layer, which effectively reduced the welding heat input. However, the arc centrifugal force increased with the increase in the swing speed, which easily caused instability of the arc and large spatter. Compared with common thin-walled deposition, the deposition width of micro-control thin-walled deposition components was increased. In addition, the swinging arc had a certain stirring effect on the molten pool, which was conducive to the escape of the molten pool gas and refinement of the microstructure. Below, the interface of the deposition layer, the microstructure of the common thin-walled deposition components, and the micro-control thin-walled deposition components were composed of lathy ferrite and austenite. Compared with the common deposition, when the swing speed increased to 800 °/s, the microstructure consisted of vermicular ferrite and austenite. The tensile strength and elongation of the micro-control thin-walled deposition components are higher than those of the common thin-walled deposition components. The tensile fracture mechanism of the common thin-walled deposition components and the micro-control thin-walled deposition components was the ductile fracture mechanism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appearance and Microstructure Of Thin-walled Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in Microstructure and Properties of 304 Steel Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing by the Micro-Control Deposition Trajectory

Zhang,

Liu,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Materials

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“…However, incomplete sidewall fusion is the most frequent defect in NG gas metal arc welding (NG-GMAW), so the objective of NG welding is to maintain uniform and sufficient penetration at both groove faces. [1][2][3] Several methods such as rotating arc, [4][5][6][7] oscillating arc 8,9 and tandem GMAW 10 were developed to ensure the sufficient penetration of sidewall in NG-GMAW. However, the systems of rotating arc and oscillating arc NG-GMAW are relatively complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten pool behaviour and weld forming mechanism of tandem narrow gap vertical GMAW

Cai

Lin

Fan

et al. 2016

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

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A tandem gas metal arc welding system was utilised for narrow gap welding in vertical down position. In the welding process, the two pulses are asynchronous and two arcs worked in the same molten pool. The molten pool forming process was investigated, and the results suggest that an asymmetric pool was generated, which resulted in the asymmetry of the weld bead. This condition could be improved by decreasing the distance between the two wires. The forces acting on the molten pool and the droplet were analysed. It is pointed out that, in vertical welding with low welding speed, more fusion metal flows down to the head of the molten pool due to the gravity, which leads to the reduction of the penetration depth. Based on the results, a multilayer welding was conducted with a high welding speed and a close distance between two wires, and a high quality weld was acquired.

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“…Under the action of the new type plasma arc, it is easy to realize the stable horizontal welding of 8mm aluminum alloy. 。在目前的研究中，学者们为降低横焊时重力非对称性对熔池的作用，采用的策略可以分为三类： ① 采用附加力场来抵消或者减少重力的影响 [6][7] ； ② 通过检测熔池或匙孔尺寸 [8] ，动态调整焊接参数来保持横焊熔池的稳定性； ③ 调控电弧热力特性以实现横焊过程 [7,[9][10][11] 。韩国学者通过附加电磁场抵消重力作用，实现天然气铝合金储罐的横焊过程 [6] 。日本丰田公司开发具有上部和下部非对称保护气流的焊枪用于横焊过程 [7] ，焊接中，下部气流压力大于上部气体压力，为熔池提供向上的分力，同时，在非对称气流的作用下，电弧形态及热力特性也将 [5] 张勤练，杨春利，林三宝，等. 新型柔性变极性等离子…”

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Research on New Heat Source Model of Variable Polarity Plasma Arc and Welding Forming in Horizontal Position

Li¹

2017

JME

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Abstract：In view of the horizontal plasma welding of thick aluminum alloy, the thermal-mechanical characteristics and weld forming process of new type variable polarity plasma arc (VPPA) welding are studied. New kinds of VPPA nozzle were designed to control the arc thermal force characteristics and to improve the stability of horizontal welding. Arc shape, arc force and anodic current density of three kinds of nozzles are compared. It is concluded that the thermal force characteristics of the new type arc have obvious advantages in the horizontal welding forming stability. According to the stability of instantaneous arc pressure waveform and the stability of perforation, it is also found that the arc pressure and the perforation area of the new plasma arc are smaller than those of the normal plasma welding arc, and the shape of the back perforation under the action of the new kind arc is circular and symmetrical. By analyzing the macroscopic contours of perforated welding pool, the direct influence of new arc thermal-force characteristics on the behavior of molten pool is obtained. High-speed photography is used to capture the formation process of the horizontal weld pool, and the results indicated that the higher arc energy and lower arc pressure are more favorable for the formation and stabilization of the molten pool. By observing the flow process and analyzing the force balance of the horizontal molten pool, it is found that the new arc thermo-force character make it easy to balance the molten metal in the flow process. Under the action of the new type plasma arc, it is easy to realize the stable horizontal welding of 8mm aluminum alloy.

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Effect of rotating arc process on molten pool control in horizontal welding

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Improvement in Microstructure and Properties of 304 Steel Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing by the Micro-Control Deposition Trajectory

Improvement in Microstructure and Properties of 304 Steel Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing by the Micro-Control Deposition Trajectory

Molten pool behaviour and weld forming mechanism of tandem narrow gap vertical GMAW

Research on New Heat Source Model of Variable Polarity Plasma Arc and Welding Forming in Horizontal Position

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