Effect of Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction‐Stir‐Welded 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel

Wang, Wenyang; Hu, Ye; Wu, Tong; Zhao, Dan; Zhao, Hongwei

doi:10.1155/2020/5176536

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Under the welding parameters in the current study, the 2205 DSS were FSWed in the α and γ phases. The ferritization had not happened during the FSW process, and the slight range fluctuation of the α:γ ratio is likely to be a result of the original change in the ratio of the phases in DSS BM [29]. This result recommends FSW to weld DSS 2205 without changing in α and γ ratio at the suggested welding parameters in the current work.…”

Section: Ferrite Contentmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…They remarked decreasing in grain size of the stir zone (SZ) for both α and γ phases with an increase in the welding speed. Wang et al [29] faced serious sticking problems in FSW of 1.86 mm 2205 DSS with tungsten-rhenium-based FSW tool at a constant travel speed of 100 mm/min with the range from 300 to 600 rpm rotational welding speeds. Incomplete penetration was detected at 300 rpm, and a groove-like defect was attained at the highest rotation speed of 600 rpm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Butt Joints

et al. 2021

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Friction stir welding (FSW) as a solid-state process is an excellent candidate for high softening temperature materials welding; however, extending the tool life is required to make the process cost-effective. This work investigates the use of a high pin to shoulder ratio (65%) tungsten carbide (WC) tool for friction stir welding of 5 mm thick 2205 DSS to extend the tool life of this low-cost tool material. In addition, the effect of FSW parameters in terms of rotational rates, travel speeds, and downward forces on the microstructural features and mechanical properties of the welded joints were investigated. Characterization in terms of visual inspection, macro and microstructures, hardness, and tensile testing was conducted. The obtained results indicated that the combined rotational rate, travel speed, and downward force parameters govern the production of defect-free joints. The 2205 DSS friction stir welds show an enhancement in hardness compared to the base material. The stir zone showed a significantly refined grain structure of ferrite and austenite with the reduction in the average grain size from 8.8 µm and 13.3 µm for the base material to 2.71 µm and 2.24 µm, respectively. Moreover, this joint showed higher yield strength and ultimate tensile strength compared to the DSS as-received material.

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Section: Ferrite Contentmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Butt Joints

et al. 2021

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“…Chen et al [40] found that the grain size (within SZ) decreases with the decreasing rotation speed due to the corresponding lower heat input. It can be concluded that the hardness values obtained within SZ can be interpreted by the fact that employing higher rotation speeds would result in both larger heat input (higher peak temperature), and higher strain rate (more intense deformation) [41], which act in an opposing way to determine the hardness. Comparing Figure 12b with Figure 12c, it is clear that the changes in hardness values in the SZ and TMAZ follow an almost similar trend in both IHT725 and IHT775 samples.…”

Section: Microstructural Characterization: Steel Hook and Sheet Micro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Rotation Speed and Steel Microstructure on Joint Formation in Friction Stir Spot Welding of Al Alloy to DP Steel

Torkamani

Vivas

Lecart

et al. 2022

JMMP

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In this work, friction stir spot welding of 5754 aluminum alloy to dual phase steel was investigated using two different ratios of martensite and ferrite (0.38 and 0.61) for steel sheet initial microstructure and varying tool rotation speed (800, 1200 and 2000 rpm). The effect of these parameters on the joint formation was evaluated by studying the plunging force response during the process and the main characteristics of the joint at (i) macrolevel, i.e., hook morphology and bond width, and (ii) microlevel, i.e., steel hook and sheet microstructure and intermetallic compounds. The plunging force was reduced by increased tool rotation speed while there was no significant effect from the initial steel microstructure ratio of martensite and ferrite on the plunging force. The macrostructural characterization of the joints showed that the hook morphology and bond width were affected by the steel sheet initial microstructures as well as by the tool rotation speed and by the material flow driver; tool pin or shoulder. At microstructural level, a progressive variation in the ratio of martensite and ferrite was observed for the steel hook and sheet microstructure. The zones closer to the tool presented a fully martensitic microstructure while the zones away from the tool showed a gradual increase in the ferrite amount until reaching the ratio of ferrite and martensite of the steel sheet initial microstructure. Different types of FexAly intermetallic compounds were found in three zones of the joint; the hook tips, in the hooks close to the exit hole and in the corner of the exit hole. These compounds were characterized by a brittle behavior with hardness values varying from 456 to 937 HV01.

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“…As shown in equation ( 8), the tool rotational and maximum temperatures are directly related to one another. The researcher [28] propose a relation between peak temperature, tool rotation, welding speed, and melting temperature speed as shown in equation (8).…”

Section: The Influence Of Tool Rotational Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Simulation of Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys Using Finite Element Analysis

Efa,

Gutema,

Lemu

et al. 2024

KEM

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The aviation and automobile sectors have witnessed significant expansion and demand for lightweight metals. The friction stir welding (FSW) procedure is used for joining lightweight and low melting temperature materials. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) utilising COMSOL® Multiphysics 6.0 software is utilised in this article to combine dissimilar metals AA6061-T6 and Mg AZ31-B, and their thermo-mechanical characteristics are explored. The peak temperature was observed to increase to 448K and 928K when the coefficient of friction (COF) increased from 0.01 to 0.4, while other parameters remained constant. When the tool rotational speed is increased to 500, 600, or 700 rpm, the peak temperature climbs to 658 K, 706 K, and 759 K, while all other parameters stay constant. When the welding speed is increased, the peak temperature reduces from 665K, 649K, and 638K to 45mm/min, 60mm/min, and 75mm/min, with all other parameters remained constant in this study. The peak temperature climbed to 632K, 684K, and 759K when the axial force increased to 10 kN, 15 kN, and 20 kN, respectively, which is a tolerable temperature less than the point of melting of materials. Peak temperatures increase to 628K, 630K, and 635K when the shoulder-to-pin diameter ratio increases to 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 with all other parameters remaining constant. As a result, the peak temperature is directly related to tool rotational speed, coefficient of friction, axial force, and shoulder-to-pin diameter ratio, whereas welding speed is inversely proportional.

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Effect of Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction‐Stir‐Welded 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Butt Joints

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Butt Joints

Effect of Rotation Speed and Steel Microstructure on Joint Formation in Friction Stir Spot Welding of Al Alloy to DP Steel

Modeling and Simulation of Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys Using Finite Element Analysis

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