Effect of rotationally grazing perennial ryegrass white clover or perennial ryegrass only swards on dairy cow feeding behaviour, rumen characteristics and sward depletion patterns

Enríquez-Hidalgo, Daniel; Hennessy, Deirdre; Gilliland, T. J.; Egan, M.; Mee, JF; Lewis, E.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2014.09.002

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is important to highlight the meaning of the first GS on ingestive behavior and DMI [26]. The pasture removed after 24 h of grazing (Table 1) is related with DMI during the first GS (Table 3) and that a substantial amount of daily DMI is realized during first 60 min after the grazing event started, which is consistent with the results of studies by Enriquez-Hidalgo et al [9] and Gregorini et al [4].…”

Section: Grazing Behavior Herbage Intake and Herbage Disappearance supporting

confidence: 86%

“…Even though it is well defined how HM affects DMI, grazing behavior and milk responses of dairy cows [1,7,8], there are few studies that analyze in detail how the grazing behavior of dairy cows changes the characteristics of the pasture during the first GS [4,9], particularly how progressive defoliation affects the DM disappearance and causes structural modifications in the pasture and its nutritional value throughout the GS, which may in part explain the changes in grazing behavior, selection for nutrients, DMI and productive responses of grazing dairy cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-Grazing Herbage Mass Affects Grazing Behavior, Herbage Disappearance, and the Residual Nutritive Value of a Pasture during the First Grazing Session

Piña

Balocchi

Keim

et al. 2020

Animals

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During the first hours after the allocation of a grazing strip (first grazing session, GS), dairy cows eat most of the daily dry matter (DM) available. There are few studies that analyze how the grazing-down process changes the characteristics of the pasture during the first GS. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two pre-grazing herbage masses (HM; medium herbage mass (MHM) and high herbage mass (HHM) on the DM disappearance, grazing behavior of dairy cows, and the residual nutritive value of a pasture during the first GS. Two groups of twelve dairy cows were used to evaluate the grazing-down process, during a period of 62 days. The pre-grazing HM modified the bite rate, bite mass, and dry matter intake during the first GS. The pre-grazing HM affected the process of herbage disappearance of the pasture, especially during the first 60 min of the GS. The nutrient selection differential for acid detergent fiber was greater for HHM compared with MHM (0.93 vs. 0.86). In conclusion, pre-grazing HM affects the structural characteristics and the residual nutritive value of the pasture. The grazing process in the first GS was modified by the HM, affecting the defoliation and the DM disappearance rate of the pasture.

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Section: Grazing Behavior Herbage Intake and Herbage Disappearance supporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Grazing Herbage Mass Affects Grazing Behavior, Herbage Disappearance, and the Residual Nutritive Value of a Pasture during the First Grazing Session

Piña

Balocchi

Keim

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Consequently, increased selectivity has the potential to alter rumination if cows select and digest diets with contrasting fiber level, particularly effective NDF (Beauchemin, 1991;Mertens, 1997). Perennial ryegrass and white clover (as in this study) have a different distribution within grazed horizons, with prostrate clover plants usually containing lower NDF than taller perennial ryegrass plants (Enriquez-Hidalgo et al, 2014). Thus, it is possible that diet choice and selectivity in response to plant species composition and spatial patterns may have influenced the rumination time if cows achieved diets differing in ryegrass and clover content (Rutter et al, 2004), but diet selection was not measured in the present study.…”

Section: Rumination Patternsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Differential rumination, intake, and enteric methane production of dairy cows in a pasture-based automatic milking system

Watt

Clark

Krebs

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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Proper performance monitoring of cows on pasture-based diets is crucial to inform nutritional recommendations that minimize undesirable effects of high ruminant CH4 emissions into the environment. The prediction of linkages between rumination patterns, methane emissions, and correlated production traits of cows in a pasture-based automatic milking system was tested. A previous 10-d baseline measurement of rumination activity by acoustic methodology of 156 Holstein-Friesian cows was used for frequency analysis of rumination time and identification of 2 treatment groups (n = 37 cows/group) represented by cows with consistently high (HR; 75th rumination percentile = 617.55 ± 81.37 min/d) or low (LR; 25th rumination percentile = 356.65 ± 72.67 min/d) rumination. The HR and LR cows were paired by nearest parity, days in milk, body weight (BW), and previous 10-d milk production, and within pairs randomly assigned to 1 of 2 experimental groups managed on a voluntary milking system with diets consisting of at least 75% pasture, plus concentrates. Animal traits, including rumination time, mass flux of CH4 (QCH4) and carbon dioxide (QCO2), milk production, and estimated dry matter intake according to individual QCO2 fluxes over a 22-d period were analyzed with repeated measure mixed models for a completely randomized design, structural equation modeling, and nonlinear regression. High rumination and methane was seen in older and heavier cows that had greater estimated dry matter intake and milk production. A consistent difference in rumination time and QCH4 across days was detected between HR and LR, even after adjustment for metabolic BW. Estimated dry matter intake had direct positive effects on rumination and QCH4, but no independent direct effect of rumination on QCH4 was detected. The LR cows produced more QCH4/milk, associated with lower milk, BW, concentrate intake, and greater activity at pasture. A typical dilution of maintenance effect on QCH4/milk was detected as a consequence of increasing milk yield and similar significant reduction of QCO2/milk. The results raise challenging questions regarding the rumination patterning of grazing dairy cows and alternatives to reduce ruminant methane emissions in grazing dairy cows.

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“…Cows in confinement systems generally lie down for longer than those at pasture, probably because they have fewer requirements for standing and walking, and minimal competition in the case of tie-stalls. Cows managed at pasture have grazing times ranging from 9 to 11 h per day (O'Driscoll et al, 2009;Prendiville et al, 2010;Enriquez-Hidalgo et al, 2014), which leaves proportionally less time for lying down. Thus, although during most of this study there was no difference in daily lying times between tie-stalls and pasture, if cows had been more accustomed to the stalls they may have had longer lying times than at pasture.…”

Section: Effect Of Body Size On Lying Behaviour and Locomotion Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural responses of pasture based dairy cows to short term management in tie-stalls

Enríquez-Hidalgo

Teixeira

Lewis

et al. 2018

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

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Dairy cows in experimental grazing herds are often confined for metabolic measurements. The objective of this study was to establish effects of transfer from pasture, to tie-stalls in a metabolism house, then back to pasture, on lying behaviour and locomotion score of lactating cows: Holstein-Friesian (H, n = 16), Jersey (J, n = 16) and H×J (HJ, n = 16). Cows were transferred to tie-stalls on d 1 for 12 days, and were offered freshly cut ryegrass according to herbage allowance (HERB) and genotype: J low = 14; J high = 17; H and HJ low = 16; and H and HJ high = 20 kg DM/d. Lying behaviour was recorded on four days: -2, -1 (Pre-confinement), 3 (Early confinement), 10, 11 (Late confinement), 13 and 14 (Post-confinement ) relative to transfer (d 1) using dataloggers, and was also video-recorded during the first 15h. Locomotion score was recorded on days -4, -3, 12 and 16. No effects of HERB on lying variables were observed during the first 15h in confinement, but J cows made more lying intentions (21.0 vs. 12.2; P < 0.05) and tended (P = 0.07) to have a shorter latency to lie. Cows spent less (P < 0.001) time lying in early confinement (07:22:29 h/d) than on any of the other occasions (9:12:50 h/d). Cows had more (P < 0.001) and shorter (P < 0.001) lying bouts in confinement than while at pasture. Low HERB cows spent more time lying than high HERB cows (09:54:55 vs. 09:09:33 h/d; P < 0.01). J had higher locomotion scores than H (9.2±0.2 vs.7.8±0.2; P < 0.001), and tended (P = 0.09) to have higher scores than HJ (8.5±0.2) cows. Locomotion scores were lowest pre confinement, highest at turnout (d 12), and intermediate after that at pasture (d 16) (7.6±0.2, 9.3 ± 0.2 and 8.6 ± 0.3, respectively; P < 0.01). On transfer to the metabolism house cows showed disrupted patterns of lying although daily lying time returned to levels similar to pasture by late confinement. Confinement also resulted in a short-term deterioration in locomotory ability, which although improving, was still evident 4 days following the cows return to pasture with Jersey cows being more affected than the other genotypes.These findings suggest that longer adaptation periods and temporary release to loafing areas may improve both the validity of data collected and cow welfare.

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Effect of rotationally grazing perennial ryegrass white clover or perennial ryegrass only swards on dairy cow feeding behaviour, rumen characteristics and sward depletion patterns

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

Pre-Grazing Herbage Mass Affects Grazing Behavior, Herbage Disappearance, and the Residual Nutritive Value of a Pasture during the First Grazing Session

Pre-Grazing Herbage Mass Affects Grazing Behavior, Herbage Disappearance, and the Residual Nutritive Value of a Pasture during the First Grazing Session

Differential rumination, intake, and enteric methane production of dairy cows in a pasture-based automatic milking system

Behavioural responses of pasture based dairy cows to short term management in tie-stalls

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