Effect of Ru Nanoparticle Size on Hydrogenation of Soybean Oil

Abstract

Four Ru nanoparticles of different mean sizes from 1.13 to 17.22 nm were prepared and used as catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated soybean oil at 353 K and initial pressure of 1.5 MPa. The catalyst with the smallest mean size (1.13 nm) had the lowest activity, the activity increased as the mean size increased to 3.10 nm, then decreased with further increase in the mean particle size. The cis-trans isomerization rate decreased with the increase in particle size.

Comparison of alkene hydrogenation in carbon nanoreactors of different diameters: probing the effects of nanoscale confinement on ruthenium nanoparticle catalysis

“…41 Previous studies have revealed that both the size and crystal structure of RuNPs have important effects on the catalytic activity of RuNPs in hydrogentation. [42][43][44][45] Li et al reported that the size and loading of hcp RuNPs supported on mulit-walled carbon nanotubes for the hydrogentation of long-chain alkenes was optimum for 1.3 nm NPs and and metal loadings of 1% by wt., while in solution 3.1 nm RuNPs were observed to be the most active. 42,43 Dupont et al reported that 2.6 ± 0.4 nm RuNPs were the most active for the partial hydrogenation of benzene, with TON of up to 165 for supported RuNPs catalysts.…”

“…[42][43][44][45] Li et al reported that the size and loading of hcp RuNPs supported on mulit-walled carbon nanotubes for the hydrogentation of long-chain alkenes was optimum for 1.3 nm NPs and and metal loadings of 1% by wt., while in solution 3.1 nm RuNPs were observed to be the most active. 42,43 Dupont et al reported that 2.6 ± 0.4 nm RuNPs were the most active for the partial hydrogenation of benzene, with TON of up to 165 for supported RuNPs catalysts. 44 It is also observed that distortions to the lattice planes of hcp RuNPs 45 or changes in crystal packing to face-centred cubic Ru 36 results in significant effects to both the activity and selectivity of RuNP catalysed reactions.…”

Controlling Allotropism in Ruthenium Nanoparticles: A Pulsed-Flow Supercritical Synthesis and in Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study

“…Ruthenium nanoparticles are promising as catalysts in hydrogenation and other reactions, − and the catalytic activity of Ru has also been widely explored in fuel cell applications . The research on metal catalysis has concentrated mainly on stabilizing the nanoparticles by surfactants such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and on the preparation of the metal catalysts on stable supporting materials such as alumina, various forms of carbon, and metal–organic frameworks (MOF). − Most studies use relatively strong reducing agents, e.g., sodium borohydride, to prepare Ru nanoparticles by wet chemical reduction methods at low temperature .…”

Selectivity as a Function of Nanoparticle Size in the Catalytic Hydrogenation of Unsaturated Alcohols

“…Control over particle size is essential in creating highly active nanoparticle catalysts for alkene hydrogenation, − alcohol oxidation, , Suzuki and Heck coupling, Norrish type II reactions, reduction of aromatic nitro compounds, CO oxidation, , and electrooxidation of formic acid , and methanol . Nanoparticle size is also a critical parameter for achieving partial hydrogenation in the conversion of alkynes to alkenes, , α,β unsaturated aldehydes to unsaturated alcohols, and conjugated alkenes to monoalkenes. , Moreover, nanoparticle catalysts show high intermolecular selectivities in the hydrogenation of alkenes and allylic alcohols, − but selectivity has not been studied as a function of particle size.…”