Effect of Running Speed and Aerobic Dance Jump Height on Vertical Ground Reaction Forces

Abstract

Aerobic dance movement sequences are similar to running in repetitive frequency. The purpose of this study was to compare ground reaction force variables in aerobic dance and running. Five female subjects performed 10 trials of five running speeds (2.4–4.0 ± 0.4 m/s) and five heights (0–8 ± 0.2 cm) of front knee lift aerobic dance steps on an AMTI force plate (1000 Hz). First peak impact force, peak loading rate, high-frequency impulse, and 50-ms impulse increased with increased running speed and jumping height. Time to first peak impact force decreased as running speed and jumping height increased. Although first peak impact forces resulting from airborne aerobic dance movements (1.96–2.62 BW) were greater than first peak impact forces in running (1.30–2.01 BW), running compared to aerobic dance resulted in shorter time to first peak impact force and higher values for loading rate, high-frequency impulse, and 50-ms impulse. When compared to aerobic dance, running exhibits smaller peak vertical forces but higher loading rates and vertical impulses.

Osteogenic index of step exercise depending on choreographic movements, session duration, and stepping rate

“…16 GRF for marching and running are also presented. 17 18 BW, body weight; GRF, ground reaction force. (table 1).…”

Causes of motor system overload in step aerobics: Literature review

“…Components of GRF for low-impact steps are from 1.12 to 1.25 BW, while those for high-impact steps range from 1.50 to 1.54 BW. Ricard & Veatch [31], in their study of aerobic dance, obtained similarly diverse results for lowand high-impact (1.3-2.62 BW) vGRF.…”

“…An analysis of studies on motor system loading in step aerobics has shown that many researchers examine correlations between ground reaction forces (GRF) and parameters such as types of steps [21,22,31,39,40], phases of the step movement cycle [24,34,40,45], movement range in joints of the lower extremities [36] or experience level of the people exercising, in particular their mastery of bench stepping [41]. Many publications [1,11,38] have described correlations between GRF and the frequency of stepping on and off the bench in time with music.…”

“…An increase in tempo increases step cadence. Given that an increase in running speed increases ground reaction forces two-fold, it has been hypothesized that a higher stepping frequency would increase ground reaction forces [31]. Research has confirmed that the values of ground reaction forces while stepping on and off the bench are not significantly altered by cadence [1,11], while the gradient of vGRF does increase with an increase in step frequency [11].…”

Whole-body vibration as potential intervention for people with low bone mineral density and osteoporosis: A review

“…The magnitude and rate of forces applied to the skeleton are determined by the velocity of the segments in motion, number of repetitions, and muscular activity, as well as by boundary conditions such as the individual's somatotype, fitness level, performance surface, climate/ weather, and shoe type [48][49][50]. Running and jumping induce ground reaction forces (GRFs) three to six times body weight [41].…”