Effect of salicylic acid on nodulation, nitrogenous compounds and related enzymes of Vigna mungo

Ramanujam, M. P.; Jaleel, V. Abdul; Kumaravelu, G.

doi:10.1023/a:1001859824008

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The inhibitory effect was the greatest on cultivation of the non morphogenic calluses in the pres ence of 1 mM SA. The decrease in the protein content in the presence of SA was also shown in other works, e.g., when pod and maize seeds were wetted in the presence of 10 µM 1 mM SA [22,23]. The light differently influenced the contents of solu ble proteins in calluses with different morphogenicity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Effect of salicylic acid on protein composition of Tatar buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum calluses with different ability for morphogenesis

Maksyutova

Galeeva

Rumyantseva

et al. 2005

Biochemistry (Moscow)

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The effect of salicylic acid on the content of soluble proteins and individual polypeptides in Tatar buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum calluses differing in ability for morphogenesis was studied. Changes in the protein composition of the calluses cultivated in the dark and in the light indicated the higher sensitivity of the non-morphogenic callus. Different response of callus cultures to salicylic acid and conditions of cultivation (light, darkness) is suggested to be associated with the antioxidant defense system, which is, in particular, characterized by the hydrogen peroxide content in the calluses. Salicylic acid increased the H2O2 content in non-morphogenic calluses more strongly than in morphogenic calluses, and the difference was more significant for the calluses cultivated in the light.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Effect of salicylic acid on protein composition of Tatar buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum calluses with different ability for morphogenesis

Maksyutova

Galeeva

Rumyantseva

et al. 2005

Biochemistry (Moscow)

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“…In the roots we observed a similar response. However, the increase in PPO activity in roots was delayed by 1-2 days; indicative of a systemic transfer of a signal, likely salicylic acid [ 20 , 21 ]. Previous studies on lima bean ( Phaseolus lunatus ) showed a high efficiency of PPO activity as defense against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides supporting a critical role of PPOs in the defense response to C. gloeosporioides also in this plant system [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An aboveground pathogen inhibits belowground rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Phaseolus vulgaris

2014

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BackgroundInduced aboveground plant defenses against pathogens can have negative effects on belowground microbial symbionts. While a considerable number of studies have utilized chemical elicitors to experimentally induce such defenses, there is surprisingly little evidence that actual aboveground pathogens affect root-associated microbes. We report here that an aboveground fungal pathogen of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) induces a defense response that inhibits both the belowground formation of root nodules elicited by rhizobia and the colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).ResultsFoliage of plants inoculated with either rhizobia or AMF was treated with both live Colletotrichum gloeosporioides—a generalist hemibiotrophic plant pathogen—and C. gloeosporioides fragments. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activity in leaves and roots, as well as the number of rhizobia nodules and the extent of AMF colonization, were measured after pathogen treatments. Both the live pathogen and pathogen fragments significantly increased PPO, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase activity in the leaves, but only PPO activity was increased in roots. The number of rhizobia nodules and the extent of AMF colonization was significantly reduced in treatment plants when compared to controls.ConclusionWe demonstrate that aboveground fungal pathogens can affect belowground mutualism with two very different types of microbial symbionts—rhizobia and AMF. Our results suggest that systemically induced PPO activity is functionally involved in this above-belowground interaction. We predict that the top-down effects we show here can drastically impact plant performance in soils with limited nutrients and water; abiotic stress conditions usually mitigated by microbial belowground mutualists.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0321-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Indeed, several studies found inhibitory effects of SAR expression on beneficial plant–microbe interactions, but all clear results have been obtained from experiments with nitrogen‐fixing bacteria that form nodules in the roots (Martínez‐Abarca et al. 1998; Ramanujam, Jaleel & Kumaravelu 1998; Lian et al. 2000; Heil 2001b; Faessel et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elicitation of foliar resistance mechanisms transiently impairs root association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

et al. 2010

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Summary1. Plants possess numerous mechanisms to control infections by deleterious organisms. Unspecific resistance mechanisms may, however, also exert ecological costs when they have a negative effect on beneficial plant-microbe interactions. Such negative effects may even cross the border between a plant's aerial parts and its roots and then affect very central functions such as nutrient uptake and root resistance to micro-organisms. Whereas an impaired nodulation indeed appears common after resistance expression in the leaves, contradictory results have been published for the case of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. 2. We analysed the effect of induction of resistance mechanisms in foliar tissues on AM colonization in soybean plants, using acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) as chemical elicitor. By determining different physiological and biochemical parameters, we assessed whether the effects are related to the activation of the plant defence mechanisms or rather to the re-allocation of primary metabolites. 3. Colonization with AM fungi transiently decreased after pathogen resistance mechanisms were elicited in the aerial parts of the plant. The induction with ASM led to a significant, yet moderate, defence response in the roots, which was modulated in mycorrhizal plants. No allocation or fitness costs associated with the induction of resistance were detected in this study. 4. Synthesis. Our study confirms a transient negative impact of the elicitation of foliar defences on root-AM interactions. The results show that induced resistance to foliar pathogens can (i) move from the above-ground to the below-ground compartment and (ii) affect mutualistic micro-organisms as well as plant pathogens. We also conclude that (iii) the negative effect is likely linked to changes in the defence status of the plant rather than to changes in resource allocation patterns and (iv) the AM association can modulate the activation of the plant defence mechanisms and overcome such effects.

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Effect of salicylic acid on nodulation, nitrogenous compounds and related enzymes of Vigna mungo

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of salicylic acid on protein composition of Tatar buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum calluses with different ability for morphogenesis

Effect of salicylic acid on protein composition of Tatar buckwheat Fagopyrum tataricum calluses with different ability for morphogenesis

An aboveground pathogen inhibits belowground rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Phaseolus vulgaris

Elicitation of foliar resistance mechanisms transiently impairs root association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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