Effect of Salinity and Plant Growth Promoters on Secondary Metabolism and Growth of Milk Thistle Ecotypes

Zahra, Noreen; Wahid, Abdul; Hafeez, Muhammad Bilal; Lalarukh, Irfana; Batool, Asfa; Uzair, Muhammad; El‐Sheikh, Mohamed A.; Alansi, Saleh; Kaushik, Prashant

doi:10.3390/life12101530

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…MLE has a high content of N, which is essential for maximum crop yields and enhances nutrient absorption by the plant [82]. Foliar application with MLE improved plant vigor, reduced the negative effect of Na, and enhanced plant growth under severe conditions relative to untreated plants [83,84]. The combined application of NFB and MLE may be a beneficial strategy to treat the growing problems of soil salinity and water deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Action of Rhizobacteria with Aloe vera and Moringa Leaf Extracts Improves Defense Mechanisms in Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Cultivated in Saline Soil

Bahgat,

Dahab,

Elhakem

et al. 2023

Plants

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Osmotic stress is a serious physiological disorder that affects water movement within the cell membranes. Osmotic stress adversely affects agricultural production and sustainability and is largely caused by soil salinity and water stress. An integrated nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) soil amendment and an exogenous foliar application of Aloe vera leaf extract (ALE), and moringa leaf extract (MLE) were evaluated on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stress in salt-affected soil. The osmotic stress markedly decreased above- and below-ground development of the roselle plant, but integrated NFB soil amendment with ALE or MLE foliar application significantly alleviated its negative impacts. Broadly, an improvement was observed in chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and protein levels following NFB and extracts foliar application, as well as a significant enhancement in antioxidant production (total phenols, ascorbic acid, and FRAP), which decreased peroxide production and increased stress tolerance in plants. Under osmotic stress, the roselle calyx revealed the highest anthocyanin levels, which declined following NFB soil amendment and foliar extract application. Additionally, an enhancement in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents and the K/Na ratio, along with a depression in sodium (Na) content, was noticed. The integrated application of Azospirillum lipoferum × ALE exhibited the best results in terms of enhancing above- and below-ground growth, calyx yield, secondary metabolites, and tolerance to osmotic stress of the roselle plants cultivated in the salt-affected soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Action of Rhizobacteria with Aloe vera and Moringa Leaf Extracts Improves Defense Mechanisms in Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Cultivated in Saline Soil

Bahgat,

Dahab,

Elhakem

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Under salinity, the ability of the plants to regulate the Na + /K + ratio in the tissues has a significant impact on plant growth (Granaz et al, 2022). Excessive toxic salts taken up by crop plants diminish their growth through disturbing enzyme activities, turgor pressure, and photosynthesis (Shahid et al, 2022;Zahra et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of natural plant extracts as biostimulants to alleviate salt stress-induced adverse effects on wheat

Baig,

Khaliq,

Rehmani

et al. 2024

Int. J. Appl. Exp. Biol.

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A field experiment was conducted to investigate the role of different plant extracts in alleviating salt stress-induced adverse effects on wheat plants. Two potential wheat cultivars, Galaxy-2013 and Faisalabad-2008, were sown in November 2020 in saline soil with soil electrical conductivity of 9.8 dS m-1. At the booting and anthesis stages, the wheat plants were exogenously sprayed with three different types of plant extracts, i.e., moringa leaf extract (MLE, 3%), sorghum water extract (SWE, 2%), and brassica water extract (BWE, 2.5%). The MLE spray at the booting and anthesis stages resulted in a maximal increase in 1000-grain weight (34-43%), grain yield (25-29%), biological yield (39-40%) and harvest index (23-24%) of wheat over the control. However, exogenous application of all three plant extracts in both wheat cultivars increased plant height (44-64%), spike length (99-100%), number of spikelets (40-42%), and grains per spike (32-64%), as compared to the untreated plants grown under saline conditions. Similarly, chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents were higher in the MLE-treated plants than those of the plants treated with the other extracts. Overall, MLE at the rate of 3% had the most significant growth promoting effect on both wheat cultivars under saline conditions. Cultivar Faisalabad-2008 fed with different plant extracts was superior to Galaxy-2013 in terms of its performance in growth and physiological attributes under field saline stress.

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“…Numerous approaches could be exploited to mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress, i.e., use of phytohormones, Osmo-protectants, crop water extracts, cultivation of salt-tolerant crops, fertilizer amendments, and different cultural practices Saddiq et al, 2019;Zahra et al, 2022;Waqas et al, 2023b). The cultivation naturally salt tolerant plants (halophytes) gaining popularity in the world (Zhang et al, 2018;Hafeez et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Growth and Physiological Traits of Chenopodium quinoa Lines Under Different Salt Levels

Zafar,

Shahzad,

Akram

et al. 2024

SJA

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C henopodium quinoa (Willd.) is cultivated mainly for its edible grains, is considered as one of the crops that may be able to maintain food security in this century due to its remarkable nutritional qualities, such as a high protein content, fiber, lipids, free of gluten, having considerable amount of fatty-acids, Abstract | Elevating salinity level has become a worldwide threat to agricultural lands. High level concentration of salts hampers growth of plants and its yield of biomass by impacting major physiological mechanisms i.e., ionic, oxidative and osmotic stress. One possible and climate resilient strategy is to introduce new crops that can bear high level salinity and allow irrigation with saline water. Quinoa has great potential to grow under saline conditions having outstanding nutritious value. Pot based complete block design was conducted in COMSATS University Abbottabad, Pakistan during winter season. Five quinoa lines (L30, L81, L11, L9, and L24) were grown in sandy loam soil containing 15 dS m -1 and 30dS m -1 NaCl salt treatments. The results revealed that better growth was noticed in line L30 and L24 under 15 and 30 dSm -1 NaCl Salt treatments as compared to other three lines. Whereas, minimum plant growth was noticed in genotype L9 and L81 under 15 and 30 dSm -1 NaCl salt treatments. Highest leaf area, chlorophyll contents, and protein contents were noted in all condition in line L30 and L24 as compared other lines. High levels of potassium, calcium and magnesium and lowest sodium were noted in quinoa lines L30 and L24 aided in resisting salt stress and may be the cause of increased growth in both saline and non-saline soil. The present trial recognised the maximum salt-tolerant lines under severe salt stress, it might be applied to improve quinoa's tolerance to salt in a later breeding phase.

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Effect of Salinity and Plant Growth Promoters on Secondary Metabolism and Growth of Milk Thistle Ecotypes

Cited by 13 publications

References 65 publications

Integrated Action of Rhizobacteria with Aloe vera and Moringa Leaf Extracts Improves Defense Mechanisms in Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Cultivated in Saline Soil

Integrated Action of Rhizobacteria with Aloe vera and Moringa Leaf Extracts Improves Defense Mechanisms in Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Cultivated in Saline Soil

Potential of natural plant extracts as biostimulants to alleviate salt stress-induced adverse effects on wheat

Assessment of Growth and Physiological Traits of Chenopodium quinoa Lines Under Different Salt Levels

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