Effect of salivary urea, pH and ureolytic microflora on dental calculus formation and its correlation with periodontal status

D'souza, Liberia L.; Lawande, Sandeep A.; Samuel, James; Pinto, Maria Jose Wiseman

doi:10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.10.004

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The strong signal in carbon metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation were likely reflective of the variation in anaerobic bacteria, which accumulate during gingivitis 21,57,58 . An interesting link between salivary metabolites and microbiome functional potential may have been observed in the nucleoside/purine/pyrimidine biosynthesis pathways: while urea was one of the best modelled salivary metabolites and is a potential biomarker for oral health [59][60][61][62] , a role of salivary nucleosides in plaque formation or gingivitis is as yet unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strong signal in carbon metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation were likely reflective of the variation in anaerobic bacteria, which accumulate during gingivitis (Chen et al, 2019;Diaz et al, 2002;Loesche, 1969). An interesting link between salivary metabolites and microbiome functional potential may have been observed in the nucleoside/purine/pyrimidine biosynthesis pathways: while urea was one of the best modelled salivary metabolites and is a potential biomarker for oral health (D'souza et al, 2023;Gaál Kovalčíková et al, 2019;Nascimento et al, 2009;Osmani, 2023), a role of salivary nucleosides in plaque formation or gingivitis is as yet unknown. While many of these functions can be identified as housekeeping activities, we protected ourselves from wrongfully identifying such generic activities as enriched by (1) using SetRank to correct for multiple pathway membership and…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multi-way modelling of oral microbial dynamics and host-microbiome interactions during induced gingivitis

van der Ploeg,

Brandt,

Keijser

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gingivitis - the inflammation of the gums - is a reversible stage of oral disease progression. It is caused by dental plaque formation due to poor oral hygiene. However, gingivitis susceptibility involves a complex set of interactions between the oral microbiome, oral metabolome and the host. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of the oral microbiome and its interactions with the salivary metabolome during experimental gingivitis in a cohort of 41 systemically healthy participants. We use Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), which is a multi-way generalization of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) that can model the variability in the response due to subjects, variables and time. Using the modelled responses, we identified microbial subcommunities with similar dynamics that connect to the magnitude of the gingivitis response. By performing high level integration of the predicted metabolic functions of the microbiome and salivary metabolome, we identified pathways of interest that describe the changing proportions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbiota, variation in anaerobic bacteria, biofilm formation and virulence.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-way modelling of oral microbial dynamics and host-microbiome interactions during induced gingivitis

van der Ploeg,

Brandt,

Keijser

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Notably, elevated ammonia levels, which may result from ureolytic activity, can promote calculus formation and periodontitis (D'Souza L et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral microbiota of patients with phenylketonuria: A nation‐based cross‐sectional study

Bingöl,

Cardilli,

Bingöl

et al. 2024

J Clinic Periodontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AimThe oral microenvironment contributes to microbial composition and immune equilibrium. It is considered to be influenced by dietary habits. Phenylketonuria (PKU) patients, who follow a lifelong low‐protein diet, exhibit higher prevalence of oral diseases such as periodontitis, offering a suitable model to explore the interplay between diet, oral microbiota and oral health.Materials and MethodsWe conducted 16S rDNA sequencing on saliva and subgingival plaque from 109 PKU patients (ages 6–68 years) and 114 age‐matched controls and correlated oral microbial composition and dental health.ResultsPKU patients exhibited worse dental health, reduced oral microbial diversity and a difference in the abundance of specific taxa, especially Actinobacteriota species, compared to controls. PKU patients with poor periodontal health exhibited higher alpha diversity than the orally healthy ones, marked by high abundance of the genus Tannerella. Notably, the observed taxonomic differences in PKU patients with normal indices of decayed/missing/filled teeth, plaque control record, gingival bleeding index and periodontal screening and recording index generally differed from microbial signatures of periodontitis.ConclusionsPKU patients' reduced microbial diversity may be due to their diet's metabolic challenges disrupting microbial and immune balance, thus increasing oral inflammation. Higher alpha diversity in PKU patients with oral inflammation is likely related to expanded microbial niches.

show abstract

“…Notably, a greater Besides, the alkaline products metabolized by nitrogen compounds are important factors in regulating the pH of dental plaque (Jin & Yip, 2002). Processes such as the urea metabolic pathway and arginine decomposition pathway contribute to pH modulation within the plaque, thereby engendering elevated concentrations of inorganic ions such as calcium and phosphorus, consequently fostering a favourable environment for CNP proliferation (D'souza et al, 2023;Wong et al, 2002). Moreover, it is crucial to consider the intricacies of the microecological habitat within the subgingival plaque, characterized by a predominantly anaerobic environment often localized within the gingival pocket (Abiko et al, 2010).…”

Section: Cnps Isolation and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary study on calcifying nanoparticles in dental plaque: Isolation, characterization, and potential mineralization mechanism

Wang,

Yang,

Bai

et al. 2024

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesCalcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), referred to as nanobacteria (NB), are recognized to be associated with ectopic calcification. This study aims to isolate and culture CNPs from the dental plaque of patients with periodontal disease and investigate their possible role in unravelling the aetiology of periodontal disease.Material and MethodsSupragingival and subgingival plaques were sampled from 30 periodontitis patients for CNPs isolation and culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content changes were tracked over time. Positive samples underwent thorough morphological identification via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Alizarin red S (ARS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition of CNPs analysis involved calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD).ResultsThe subgingival plaque dental group exhibited a higher CNPs isolation rate at 36.67% (11/30) compared to the supragingival dental plaque group at 66.67% (20/30). ALP activity varied among the positive, negative and control groups. Morphological observation characterized the CNPs as round, oval, and ellipsoid particles with Ca deposits. Chemical analysis revealed the Ca/P ratio was 0.6753. Hydroxyl, methyl, carbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate were detected by FTIR; the main chemical components detected by XRD were hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.ConclusionCNPs were found in periodontitis‐related dental plaque and exhibited the potential to develop calcified structures resembling dental calculus. However, the potential involvement of ALP in CNPs formation requires deeper exploration, as does the precise nature of its role and the interrelation with periodontitis demand a further comprehensive investigation.

show abstract

Effect of salivary urea, pH and ureolytic microflora on dental calculus formation and its correlation with periodontal status

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Multi-way modelling of oral microbial dynamics and host-microbiome interactions during induced gingivitis

Multi-way modelling of oral microbial dynamics and host-microbiome interactions during induced gingivitis

Oral microbiota of patients with phenylketonuria: A nation‐based cross‐sectional study

A preliminary study on calcifying nanoparticles in dental plaque: Isolation, characterization, and potential mineralization mechanism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About