Effect of Salts Stress on the Growth and Yield of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)

Abstract

In order to study the effect of salts stress on the growth and yield of wheat (cv. Inqalab), a pot experiment was conducted in the wire-house of the Department of Soil Science, Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam. The soil was artificially salinized to a range of salinity levels i.e. EC 2.16, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 dS•m −1 with different salts (MgCl 2 + CaCl 2 + Na 2 SO 4). The salinized soil used for the experiment was sandy clay in texture, alkaline in reaction (pH > 7.0) and moderate in organic matter (0.95%) content. The results showed that with increasing salinity there was an increase in the ECe, Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Cl − and decrease in the K + , SAR and ESP values of the soil Increasing salinity, progressively decreased plant height, spike length, number of spikelets spike −1 1000 grain weight and yield (straw and grain). Adverse effects of salts on plants were associated with the accumulation of less K + and more Na + and Cl − in their flag leaf sap, grains and straw. This resulted in lower K + :5Na + ratio in flag leaf sap, grains and straw of wheat plants. These results indicated that the effects of salts stress were greater at 10 than at 8, 6 and 4 EC dS•m −1 .

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Yield Attributes and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Saline and Non-Saline Irrigation Water

“…Under quality of irrigation water, ear head length was significantly higher in canal water (9.36, 9.78) as compared to saline water treatment (8.93, 9.43) during both the years, respectively. Similarly significant decrease in ear head length due to salinity was reported by Asgari et al, (2011), Kumar et al, (2012), Mojid et al, (2013) and Kalhoro et al, (2016) as compared to control. Higher ear head length was observed under application of 125% RDF than 100%RDF and 75% RDF during both the years which is in conformity with the findings of Kumar (2000) at similar levels of fertility.…”

“…Significantly more number of grains/spike was observed in canal water (47.97, 47.72) than under saline water (43.50, 43.35) during both the years, respectively. Similarly significant decrease in number of grains/spike due to salinity was reported by Kumar (2000), Asgari et al, (2011), Kumar et al, (2012), Mojid et al, (2013) and Kalhoro et al, (2016) as compared to control.…”

Anthocyanins of Coloured Wheat Genotypes in Specific Response to SalStress

“…The tolerant genotypes of wheat showed a better capacity to maintain the low accumulation of Na + , higher shoot K + concentrations, stable osmotic potential, increased values of PSII activity, lower non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and maximal photochemical efficiency derived in the significantly greater dry weight production detected under salt stress [ 25 , 26 ]. Low Na + accumulation in leaf can be used as the best screening criteria, employing a large set of genotypes in a breeding program [ 48 ].…”

“…The wheat genotypes demonstrated a wide range of responses to high salinity stress during the growth stages [ 25 ]. The effect of salt stress on wheat plants is one of the most serious problems in arid and semi-arid regions, which reduces both the quantity and quality of the production of this cereal [ 26 ].…”

Assessment of the Biochemical Responses of Wheat Seedlings to Soil Drought after Application of Selective Herbicide

“…Numerous publications investigate the effect of a single stress factor (low or high temperature, salinization, radiation, herbicides, water or mineral deficiency, heavy metals, etc.) on the physiological status of the plant and/or the possibility of reducing the impact of the stress [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Under natural conditions, however, plants are rarely exposed to a single stress factor.…”