Effect of sampling density and design on estimation of streambed attributes

Kennedy, Casey D.; Genereux, David P.; Mitášová, Helena; Corbett, D. Reide; Leahy, Scott

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.03.018

Cited by 47 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Whilst nitrate concentration in groundwater is 861 in the upper range reported in the literature for 862 agricultural watersheds, the upwelling water flux 863 associated with our preferential discharge falls in the 864 mid-range reported for similar studies of permeable, 865 gaining reaches (c.f. 0.25 m day -1 for our study with 866 0.41-0.5 m day -1 for Kennedy et al (2009b) and Cey 867 et al (1998)). 868…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

“…In a gaining setting, these 122 pathways have the potential to supply nitrate through 123 the riverbed to surface waters. The magnitude of 124 groundwater discharge into and through the river bed 125 has been shown to exhibit considerable spatial vari-126 ability (Conant 2004;Kennedy et al 2009b) and the 127 influence of different pathways of groundwater dis-128 charge on nitrate and redox conditions in the river bed 129 is poorly understood (Poole et al 2008). In shallow 130 sediments, patterns in pore water chemistry will also 131 be influenced by hyporheic exchange flows as defined 132 by Harvey et al (1996) to be the process by which 133 water infiltrates the surface and returns to the surface 134 over small distances, including intra-meander flows 135 (Tonina and Buffington 2009;Boano et al 2010) 136 which enable longitudinal exchange between surface 137 waters and pore waters in the river bed.…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O F U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…153 A number of field studies in gaining settings have 154 focused on the importance of upwelling groundwater 155 for nitrate flux and transformations in a streambed 156 (e.g. Kennedy et al 2009a;Stelzer and Bartsch 2012;157 Flewelling et al 2012). Other research has focused on 158 other groundwater-surface water exchange mecha-159 nisms such as the role of hyporheic exchange flows 160 (Kasahara and Hill 2006) or meander bends (Zarnetske 161 et al 2011) for nitrogen transformations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpreting spatial patterns in redox and coupled water–nitrogen fluxes in the streambed of a gaining river reach

et al. 2013

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supporting

confidence: 67%

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O F U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpreting spatial patterns in redox and coupled water–nitrogen fluxes in the streambed of a gaining river reach

et al. 2013

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“…Our approach attempted to balance these competing interests as much as possible by including ,10 stream reaches but also ,10 K measurements per stream reach. A qualitative comparison of the piezometer densities used in our study to thresholds given in Kennedy et al (2008) indicates that we were justified in not reducing the number of K measurements per reach in order to increase the number of reaches. We encourage other researchers to add to the data set presented here.…”

Section: Variability Of Hyporheic Potential Metrics Among Urban Streamsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Variation of Hyporheic Potential among Urban Region Streams: Implications for Stream Restoration

Hester

Cranmer

2014

Environmental & Engineering Geoscience

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Bidirectional (hyporheic) exchange of water between stream channels and sediments benefits stream ecosystems, yet the effects of urbanization on such exchange are poorly understood. Exchange is controlled by a set of geomorphic parameters collectively defined as ''hyporheic potential,'' including sediment hydraulic conductivity (K), vertical undulations of the streambed (VC), and channel sinuosity (S). We measured these hyporheic potential metrics in 10 stream reaches with varying percent impervious surface (0-47 percent) in their contributing watersheds. We performed linear regression between hyporheic potential metrics and two metrics of urbanization: percent impervious in the watershed and average riparian forest buffer width. We found that most trends between hyporheic potential metrics and both urbanization metrics were noisy, with low r 2 . Furthermore, hyporheic potential varied as much among our streams as in non-urban studies, and K varied as much within stream reaches as between stream reaches. These results collectively indicate that the effects of urbanization on hyporheic potential in our streams were minimal and that urbanization may not heavily constrain hyporheic exchange. Nevertheless, we did find that S increased with impervious cover in the contributing watershed, consistent with higher urban storm flows leading to sinuosity adjustments to reduce channel slope. Urbanization may therefore enhance hyporheic potential under certain circumstances, and bears further study. Furthermore, there may be value in increasing the benefits of hyporheic exchange above existing levels through ''hyporheic enhancement.'' Because K varied more among streams than VC, which varied more than S, efforts to enhance hyporheic exchange may have greatest effect if they manipulate K.

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“…One of these possibilities is the approach used by some authors of studying spatial patterns in a reservoir by means of intensive sampling (e.g., Ladson et al, 2006;Kennedy et al, 2008). In the present study, an over-sampling procedure was used, in order to determine the ideal sampling effort that would be necessary to determine the horizontal compartments in a reservoir with great accuracy.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sampling effort on the estimation of spatial gradients in a tropical reservoir impacted by an oil refinery

et al. 2010

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a b s t r a c tWe investigated the effects of increase in sampling effort (30-1043 sampling points) on the accuracy of assessment of the spatial patterns of surface-water quality in a eutrophic tropical reservoir. The investigation was carried out during the dry season, when previous investigations showed that the spatial heterogeneity is more stable. A multi-parameter Yellow Springs Instruments probe coupled to a TechGeo D-GPS was used. This system is equipped to measure and store in a continuous recording mode, several physical and chemical parameters linked to geographical coordinates obtained with a precision of less than 1 m. We used different geostatistical approaches to determine the optimal number of sampling points required to reflect the real spatial patterns of water quality in the system. This approach was tested in a small tropical reservoir (Ibirité ) that receives effluents from an oil refinery (the state-owned REGAP oil refinery, PETROBRAS) located near the city of Belo Horizonte. The study showed not only that the spatial patterns of water quality are significantly affected by sampling effort but also it was demonstrated that the establishment of an adequate sampling program is a critical point for the precise identification of source points of pollution. The results of this investigation enabled us to demonstrate the potential uses and limits of this method for rapid assessment of the water quality of lakes and reservoirs that receive external inputs of water contaminants or nutrients.

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Effect of sampling density and design on estimation of streambed attributes

Cited by 47 publications

References 43 publications

Interpreting spatial patterns in redox and coupled water–nitrogen fluxes in the streambed of a gaining river reach

Interpreting spatial patterns in redox and coupled water–nitrogen fluxes in the streambed of a gaining river reach

Variation of Hyporheic Potential among Urban Region Streams: Implications for Stream Restoration

Effects of sampling effort on the estimation of spatial gradients in a tropical reservoir impacted by an oil refinery

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