Effect of Sea Tangle (<italic>Laminaria japonica</italic>) and Charcoal Supplementation as Alternatives to Antibiotics on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Ducks

Abstract

A total of 150 growing ducks were assigned to five dietary treatments to study the effect of sea tangle and charcoal (STC) supplementation on growth performance and meat characteristics in a completely randomized design. There were six replicates and five ducklings in each replication. The five dietary treatments were control, antibiotic, and 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% STC supplemented diets. No significant differences were found on ADG, ADFI, and gain:feed among treatments in different weeks. The overall (0 to 3 weeks) ADFI decreased in antibiotic treatment (p<0.05) whereas the gain:feed increased significantly upon 1.0% STC supplementation compared to control (p<0.05). No significant variation was found in meat chemical composition except crude fat content which was high in 1.0% STC dietary group (p<0.05). Meat cholesterol was reduced in 0.1% STC group (p<0.05) compared to other dose levels while serum cholesterol was unaffected. High density lipoprotein (HDL) content was high in 1.0% STC (p<0.05) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was low in 0.1% and 1.0% STC dietary groups (p = 0.06). No significant effect was found on the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of fresh meat, whereas the TBARS value of meat preserved for 1 week was reduced significantly in STC dietary groups (p<0.05). The 0.1% STC dietary group showed an increased myristic acid (p = 0.07) content whereas, the content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids increased in STC supplementation than antibiotic group (p<0.05). An increased concentration of omega-3 fatty acids and a reduced ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was found upon 1.0% STC supplementation compared to antibiotic dietary group (p<0.05). Therefore, 1.0% STC dietary supplementation can be used as alternatives to antibiotics in duck production.

Molecular mechanism of a new Laminaria japonica polysaccharide on the suppression of macrophage foam cell formation via regulating cellular lipid metabolism and suppressing cellular inflammation

“…For instance, it has been reported that about 500 000–700 000 tons dried L. japonica can be harvested per year from the Chinese coasts , showing it is a very rich resource. In recent decades, L. japonica has attracted great interests of chemists and pharmacologists on account of the abundance of functional components and their specific health benefits [, and .Among these functional components, we found that the crude polysaccharides extracted from L. japonica have good potential for retarding the genesis in atherosclerotic lesion via modulation of lipid metabolism in mice . However, there is still no report on the structure and mechanisms of polysaccharides with antiatherosclerosis.…”

Use of biochar as feed supplements for animal farming

“…It has also been found that the omega-3 fatty acids in ducks increased when 1% wood biochar was supplemented in their feed. Islam et al (2014) found that 1% biochar in daily feed could lower LDL concentration, increase HDL concentration (p < .05) and reduce the omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio. They also found that adding wood biochar (0.1%, 0.5%, or 1%) to ducks' diets had no adverse effect on their overall growth performance, which was similar to that of the group given antibiotics (0.01% chlortetracycline).…”

“…The wood charcoal supplementation to the hens diet can help to reduce the incidence of cracked eggs through improved mineral intake from biochar, which contained high levels of ask, calcium, potassium and magnesium (Kutlu et al, 2001). It can also promote the growth and survival rate of fish (Khaki, Malcevschi, Voccia, & Marzano, 2017;Mabe et al, 2018) and promote immunity by increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decreasing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in ducks (Islam et al, 2014). It also reduced pathogens such as Campylobacter hepaticus and Gallibacterium anatis in chickens due to its adsorption properties (Willson et al, 2019).…”

“…It also reduced pathogens such as Campylobacter hepaticus and Gallibacterium anatis in chickens due to its adsorption properties (Willson et al, 2019). Therefore, it is a possible alternative to antibiotics in the husbandry industry (Islam et al, 2014). The highly porous nature of biochar could also provide habitats for gut microbes such as methanogenic archaea, contributing to the relief of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by mitigating methane production from cattle and goats (Eger, Graz, Riede, & Breves, 2018).…”

Effects of <i>Ecklonia cava</i> as fucoidan-rich algae on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology and caecal microflora in weanling pigs

“…It is estimated that two-thirds of the earth’s biomass is comprised of more than 25,000 species of algae [4]. That statistic shows the potential for algae to be used as animal feed additives due to their vast biodiversity [5] and has recently been discussed as a source of bioactive compounds due to their biological properties [6,7]. Ecklonia cava ( E. cava ) is among one of the types of seaweed, which is found mainly in South Korea, Japan and China and widely used in human food because of their therapeutic effects.…”