Effect of sediment type, feeding level, and larval density on growth and development of a midge (<i>Chironomus riparius</i>)

Ristola, Tiina; Pellinen, Jukka; Ruokolainen, Minna; Kostamo, Auli; Kukkonen, Jussi V. K.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620180423

Cited by 64 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Reduced food intake may be one reason for the decrease in physiological energy. Indeed, it has been shown that C. riparius larvae suffer delays in growth when food is restricted (e.g., Ristola et al, 1999;Pe´ry et al, 2002). Copper is known to induce morphological deformities of the mentum and mandibles in chironomids (Janssens de Bisthoven et al, 1992Martinez et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of copper on energy metabolism and larval development in the midge Chironomus riparius

Servia

Péry²,

Heydorff

et al. 2006

Ecotoxicology

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When spiked in sediments, copper is known to reduce growth of Chironomus riparius larvae and the production of eggs by adult females. The aim of this work was to better understand the origin of these phenomena by studying the effects of copper using developmental and energetic biomarkers, such as changes in larval weight and age and changes in the levels of sugars and lipids. Four-day-old C. riparius larvae were exposed to nominal concentrations of copper of 0, 6.5, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg of dry sediment (silica) in 0.6 l beakers. They were fed ad libitum and exposures were stopped at 7 and 9 days after the beginning of the tests. The larvae were weighed, sexed and aged. For each sex, the larvae belonging to the phases the most frequently found in the beakers were selected for dissection and measurement of energy reserves. The increase in the concentration of copper resulted in an increasing delay in larval growth in both sexes. Desynchronized development was observed, as shown by the increase in the number of individuals that remained in the third instar or early phases of the fourth instar, as well as by a reduction in age of males. Concerning energy reserves, the levels of sugars (glycogen, trehalose and glucose) in the dissected larvae remained almost constant among levels of exposure. In contrast, at the highest copper concentration (50 mg/kg), triglyceride levels suffered a slight reduction whereas the level of free glycerol significantly increased. It is concluded that selection of C. riparius larvae for both sex and age improves the relevance of some energy-yielding substrates as indicators of adverse physiological effects of copper.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of copper on energy metabolism and larval development in the midge Chironomus riparius

Servia

Péry²,

Heydorff

et al. 2006

Ecotoxicology

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“…The non-biting midge Chironomus riparius (Diptera, Chironomidae) is widely used in ecotoxicity tests (Ristola et al, 1999a;De Haas et al, 2004). Larvae of this insect burrow tubes in the sediment and feed on detritus particles surrounding the tube.…”

Section: Test Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle responses of the midge Chironomus riparius to polycyclic aromatic compound exposure

Paumen

Borgman

Kraak

et al. 2008

Environmental Pollution

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General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Emergence of Chironomus riparius is a sensitive endpoint to detect life cycle effects of PACs. AbstractDuring acute exposure, polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) act mainly by narcosis, but during chronic exposure the same compounds may exert sublethal life cycle effects. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the chronic effects of sediment spiked PACs on the emergence of the midge Chironomus riparius. Three isomer pairs were selected, and 28-day LC 50 values and 50% emergence times (EMt 50 ) were determined. Concentrationeresponse relationships were observed for phenanthrene, acridine, phenanthridine and acridone. Anthracene and phenanthridone had no effect on total emergence, but did cause a delay in emergence. Calculated porewater LC 50 values correlated well with logK ow values, suggesting narcosis as mode of action. In contrast, effect concentrations for delay in emergence (EMt 50 ) deviated from narcosis, suggesting a specific mode of action during chronic exposure. It is concluded that emergence is a powerful endpoint to detect life cycle effects of PACs on a key sediment inhabiting invertebrate. Ó 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords: Chironomus riparius; Polycyclic aromatic compounds; Emergence IntroductionPolycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are ubiquitous contaminants, present in the environment mainly as a result of anthropogenic activities (industry, oil drilling and vehicle emissions). Smaller amounts of PACs are generated in natural processes, like volcanism and forest fires (Neilson, 1998). Because of their hydrophobicity, PACs tend to accumulate in sediments and soils, which act not only as a sink, but also as a source of PACs for benthic organisms (Wilcke, 2000;Van Metre and Mahler, 2005). In sediment cores from 38 urban and reference lakes across the United States, total sediment SPAH concentrations (SPAH ¼ sum of 13 homocyclic PACs used for the consensus-based sediment quality guidelines in the USA) ranged from 0.5 to 10 mg/kg (Van Metre and Mahler, 2005).Populations of benthic invertebrates are exposed to a variety of PACs in the sediment, but little is known about their chronic effects, since research has mainly focused on acute exposure (Bleeker et al., 1998; Neilson, 199...

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“…In the present study, the additional feeding by fish food probably decreased the exposure of larvae to the contaminants. Artificial feeding was however considered essential, since the lack of feeding has been shown to increase mortality of larval C. riparius (Ristola et al 1999) and because organic content and thus potential amount of food varied among the sediments. Another potential confounding factor in the present study was the high total ammonia levels of overlying water in some of the exposures despite frequent water renewals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological responses of midge (Chironomus riparius) and lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) larvae in ecotoxicity assessment of PCDD/F-, PCB- and Hg-contaminated river sediments

Salmelin

Karjalainen

Hämäläinen

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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. (2016). Biological responses of midge (Chironomus riparius) and lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) larvae in ecotoxicity assessment of PCDD/F-, PCB-and Hg-contaminated river sediments. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23 (18), 18379-18393. doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7014-5 Abstract We evaluated utility of chironomid and lamprey larval responses in ecotoxicity assessment of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/F)-, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)-and mercury (Hg)-contaminated river sediments. Sediment samples were collected from the River Kymijoki with a known industrial pollution gradient. Sediment for the controls, and lamprey larvae were obtained from an uncontaminated river nearby. Contamination levels were verified with sediment and tissue PCDD/F, PCB and Hg analyses. Behaviour of sediment exposed chironomid and lamprey larvae were measured with Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor© utilizing quadrupole impedance conversion technique. In addition, mortality, growth and head capsule deformity incidence of chironomids were used as ecotoxicity indicators. WHO PCDD/F+PCB -TEQ in the R. Kymijoki sediments ranged from the highest upstream 22.36 ng g -1 dw to the lowest 1.50 ng g -1 near the river mouth. Sum of PCDD/Fs and PCBs correlated strongly with Hg sediment concentrations, which ranged from <0.01 to 1.15 µg g -1 . Lamprey tissue concentrations of PCDD/Fs were two orders and PCBs one order of magnitude higher in the R. Kymijoki compared to the reference. Chironomid growth decreased in contaminated sediments, and was negatively related to sediment ∑PCDD/Fs, WHO PCDD/F+PCB -TEQ and Hg. There were no significant differences in larval mortality or chironomid mentum deformity incidence between the sediment exposures. The distinct behavioural patterns of both species indicate overall applicability of behavioural MFB measurements of these species in sediment toxicity bioassays. Chironomids spent less and lampreys more time in locomotion in the most contaminated sediment compared to the reference, albeit statistically significant differences were not detected. Lamprey larvae had also a greater activity range in some of the contaminated sediments than in the reference. High pollutant levels in lamprey indicate risks for biomagnification in the food webs, with potential health risks to humans consuming fish.Keywords: polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans; polychlorinated biphenyls; mercury; sediment toxicity; Chironomus riparius; Lampetra fluviatilis; behaviour AcknowledgementsWe thank Tino Hovinen (University of Jyväskylä) and Rauni Kauppinen (Finnish Environment Institute) for their valuable help in the field and laboratory, and researchers in the National Institute of Health and Welfare for PCDD/F and PCB analyses. We would also like to thank Kymijoen vesi ja ympäristö ry for cooperation. This study was funded by TEKES, the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (#40255/11).

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Effect of sediment type, feeding level, and larval density on growth and development of a midge (Chironomus riparius)

Cited by 64 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of copper on energy metabolism and larval development in the midge Chironomus riparius

Effects of copper on energy metabolism and larval development in the midge Chironomus riparius

Life cycle responses of the midge Chironomus riparius to polycyclic aromatic compound exposure

Biological responses of midge (Chironomus riparius) and lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) larvae in ecotoxicity assessment of PCDD/F-, PCB- and Hg-contaminated river sediments

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