Effect of Selenium and Iodine Supplementation on Growth Rate and on Thyroid and Somatotropic Function in Dairy Calves at Pasture

Wichtel, Jeffrey; Craigie, A. L.; Freeman, David A.; Varela-Alvarez, H.; Williamson, N. B.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(96)76554-2

Cited by 68 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The difference can be probably explained by an increased activity of iodothyronine deiodinase, which participates in the conversion of T4 into active T3 and which activity is influenced by selenium (Arthur et al, 1990;Larsen and Berry, 1995;Kohrle, 2000). Similar results confirming a positive effect of selenium on T3 concentrations were presented for instance by Wichtel et al (1994) and Awadeh et al (1998), who observed increased T3 concentrations in cows and calves a�er higher selenium intake. The ratio of T3 : T4 calculated in our work (0.039-0.055) is close to the results of the previously mentioned authors (0.023-0.040).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Influence of parenteral administration of selenium and vitamin E during pregnancy on selected metabolic parameters and colostrum quality in dairy cows at parturition

Pavlata¹,

Prášek²,

Filípek³

et al. 2004

Vet. Med. - Czech

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The aim of the present work was to study the influence of different dose of parenteral administration selenium and vitamin E in dairy cows prior to parturition on selected metabolic parameters and colostrum quality. A total of 19 dairy cows from a farm with selenium deficiency were included in the study. The cows were divided in 3 groups (C, E1, and E2). In group E1 a product containing selenium and vitamin E (Selevit inj. a.u.v.) was administered IM four weeks prior to the expected date of parturition. In group E2 the same product was administered twice, eight and four weeks prior to parturition. Group C consisted of control animals to which no product was administered. On the day of parturition samples of blood and first colostrum were collected for laboratory examination. Concentrations of selenium were determined in blood andthat ofvitamin E, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and activities of enzymes detecting muscular damage (CK, AST, LD) were determined in serum. Colostrum was analysed to determine the concentrations of selenium, vitamin E, immunoglobulins, as well as to determine its density. The occurrence of the disease during the first month after parturition was evaluated in all groups. Higher concentrations of selenium and vitamin E were found in the samples (experimental groups E1 and E2) collected on the day of parturition. Group E2 showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher T3 concentration compared to groups C and E1 (3.05 ± 0.42 nmol/l vs 1.88 ± 0.71 and 1.81 ± 0.30 nmol/l, respectively). The same pattern was confirmed for immunoglobulins concentrations in colostrum (34.08 ± 5.93 U ZST vs 22.87 ± 5.41 and 21.38 ± 8.33 U ZST, respectively). Compared to group C, cows in group E2 also showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher concentrations of selenium in colostrum (45.43 ± 10.56 vs 29.29 ± 8.42 µg/l). The administration of selenium and vitamin E did not influence other parameters evaluated in the study. During the first 30 days of the postpartum period a trend of lower occurrence of mastitis was observed in group E2 compared to both group C and E1 (no case of mastitis compared to 5 and 4 cases of treated mastitis, respectively).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Influence of parenteral administration of selenium and vitamin E during pregnancy on selected metabolic parameters and colostrum quality in dairy cows at parturition

Pavlata¹,

Prášek²,

Filípek³

et al. 2004

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…The additive nature of the effects of treatment with Se and I on plasma thyroxine supports the findings for calves (Wichtel et al 1995). The lack of a significant increase in plasma total triiodothyronine concentration in response to Se supplementation disagrees with other reports where supplementary Se increased plasma triiodothyronine in calves (Wichtel et al 1995) and ewes (Donald et al 1993) with Se intakes similar to the goats in the present study. If production responses to Se are mediated via the thyroid axis, changes in the tissue concentration of triiodothyronine, the most active of the thyroid hormones, would be expected.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…However, supplementary Se increased liveweight gain in calves (Wichtel et al 1995) and lambs (Grace et al 1974) grazing pastures containing low concentrations of Se. The tendency for reduced gain in kids supplemented with I in the present study might be because of the increased plasma thyroxine concentration induced by I treatment; in lambs (Coop & Clark 1958) treatment with thyroxine decreased liveweight gain, but increased fleece production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of selenium and iodine supplementation on the growth rate, mohair production, and thyroid status of Angora goat kids

Wichtel

Thompson

Craigie

et al. 1996

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of supplementation with either selenium (Se) or iodine (I), or both, on growth rate, mohair production, and plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones in Angora goat kids. Kids were treated with 0 or 1 intraruminal Se pellet, or treated intramuscularly with iodised oil at doses of 0, 200, or 400 mg I in a 2 × 3 factorial design. The concentrations of Se and I in the lucerne diet were 0.02 and 0.09 mg/kg dry matter (DM), respectively. Supplementary Se enhanced (P < 0.05) liveweight gain by 26% during the final month of the study, however mohair growth was not affected by either treatment. The plasma concentration of total thyroxine was increased (P < 0.001) by I treatment but decreased (P < 0.001) by Se treatment. The plasma concentration of total triiodothyronine was reduced (P < 0.001) by I treatment but unaffected by Se treatment. Thus, Se supplementation improved the liveweight gain of Angora goats but I supplementation had no effect on growth. Both Se and I treatment altered thyroid hormone concentrations, but Se × I interactions were not significant. A95045

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“…In cattle the plasma levels of thyroid hormones may be altered also by other nutrition-and metabolism-related factors, such as selenium and/ or iodine deficiency/supplementation (Wichtel et al, 1996;Awadeh et al, 1998), growth hormone releasing factor and somatotropin administration (Kahl et al, 1995), providing fat-or starchenriched diet (Bunting et al, 1996;Romo et al, 1997;Blum et al, 2000), and feed contaminants, for instance goitrogen chemicals (Gennano-Soffietti et al, 1988;Bernal et al, 1999;rift et al, 1999a, b) and certain ergot like alkaloids produced by endophyte fungi (Neotyphodium coenophialum) of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea; known as a really existing form on feed contamination only in North America) (Hurley et al, 1981;Browning et al, 1998Browning et al, , 2000.…”

Section: Basic Physiology Nutritional Factors Influencing Thyroid Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants

Huszenicza¹,

Kulcsár²,

Rudas³

2002

Vet. Med.

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After briefly introducing the basec steps in production and metabolism of thyroid hormones, the author gives an overview of nutritional, metabolic and disease related factors and endocrine interactions influencing thyroid gland function in ruminants, particularly in the postpartum dairy cow. Involvement of thyroid hormonal regulation of seasonal patterns of reproduction as well as ovarian endocrine function are discussed.Keywords: thyroxin; triiodothyronine; ovary; metabolism; ruminants Abbreviations: 5'D = 5'-deiodinase (syn.: outer-ring deiodinase); 5D = 5-deiodinase (syn.: inner-ring deiodinase); BHB = βOH-butyrate; E 2 = 17β-estradiol; FSH = follicle stimulating hormone; GH = growth hormone; GnRH = gonadotropin releasing hormone; hCG = human chorionic gonadotropin; IGF-I = insulin-like growth factor-I (syn.: somatomedin C); IL = interleukin; LH = luteinizing hormone; mRNA = messenger ribonucleic acid; NEB = negative energy balance; NEFA = non-esterified fatty acids; P 4 = progesterone; PVN = paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; rT 3 = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (syn.: reverse-triiodothyronine); T 3 = 3,3',5-triiodothyronine; T 4 = thyroxine; TNFα = tumor necrosis factor-α; TRH = thyrotropin-releasing hormone; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone (syn.: thyrotropin)

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Effect of Selenium and Iodine Supplementation on Growth Rate and on Thyroid and Somatotropic Function in Dairy Calves at Pasture

Cited by 68 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of parenteral administration of selenium and vitamin E during pregnancy on selected metabolic parameters and colostrum quality in dairy cows at parturition

Influence of parenteral administration of selenium and vitamin E during pregnancy on selected metabolic parameters and colostrum quality in dairy cows at parturition

Effects of selenium and iodine supplementation on the growth rate, mohair production, and thyroid status of Angora goat kids

Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants

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