Effect of Selenium Enrichment on the Growth, Photosynthesis and Mineral Nutrition of Broccoli

Abstract

Broccoli is placed in primary selenium (Se) accumulator group plants, which is considered as an important source of Se for providing human daily need. This experiment used an outdoor hydroponic system to evaluate the effects of Se foliar application at the rates of 0, 10, 50, and 100 μg Se/ml concentrations fortnightly. Among yield parameters, the head weight of broccoli was significantly affected. Se treated broccoli plants produced heavier head than the control; however, head weight among three Se concentrations (Se 10 , Se 50 , Se 100 ) was not significantly different. Although most of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were not significant, Se treated broccolis maximal fluorescence yield (Fm) was higher than the control. Significant increase in chlorophyll content (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll) was observed as a result of Se treatments. Different Se concentrations did not have positive or negative effects on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake. Se treatment at 100 μg Se/ml concentration however, contributed to the highest content of sulfur in broccoli head. Se content of broccoli head increased with the increase in sprayed Se concentrations. The highest concentration of Se (1.41 mg Se/kg dry matter) in broccoli head was recorded in Se 100 , which showed significant difference compared with Se 0 and Se 10 .

Effect of Seed Soaking and Foliar Spraying With Selenium on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce Under Saline Stress

“…The application of foliar spray at 20 µmol Se l -1 resulted in the highest values of head diameter and fresh weight, as well as total yield, whereas the control treatment resulted in the lowest values in both growing seasons. These results are consistent with those of Esringu et al (2015) and Ghasemi et al (2016). These benefits might be related to the influence of Se on the plant water status by maintaining turgor and gas exchange and enhancing the activity of osmoprotectants and antioxidant machinery under stress conditions (Nawaz et al, 2015), Additionally, Se applications can induce protective responses against salt stress by enhancing antioxidative activity, increasing the accumulation of proline and photosynthetic pigments, besides decreasing the chloride ion content (Hawrylak-Nowak, 2009), thereby resulting in higher plant growth and chlorophyll content (Table 2), which leads to increase in plant yield.…”

“…The highest leaf number and leaf chlorophyll content values were observed in the plants treated with foliar spraying at 20 µmol l -1 , whereas the lowest values were observed in the control treatment (without Se) in both growing seasons. A similar positive impact of Se was observed by Ghasemi et al (2016) and Mozafariyan et al (2016), although a marked effect on the chlorophyll content was not observed by Haghighi et al (2016). Additionally, Mao et al (2015) reported that Se at low concentrations enhances the growth of broccoli plants, whereas high concentrations discourage plant growth.…”

“…The beneficial effects of Se at low concentrations in plants, which include improvements in vegetative growth and increasing in the quality and production of vegetable crops, have been reported in many species, such as lettuce (Ramos et al, 2010;Melek et al, 2012 andEsringu et al, 2015), broccoli (Ghasemi et al, 2016), tomato (Mozafariyan et al, 2016), melon (KeLing et al, 2013) and potato (Poggi et al, 2000). Moreover, Pezzarossa et al (2012) and Zhu et al (2017) demonstrated that Se treatments represent a promising strategy for delaying ripening and senescence of fruits and maintaining fruit quality, while decreasing the postharvest period losses and extending the shelf life of crops, especially in leafy vegetables.…”

Salt Stress Relief and Growth-Promoting Effect of Sweet Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) by Glutathione, Selenium, and Humic Acid Application

“…Also the results achieved by Alsina et al (2012) confirmed an increase in lettuce pigments as a result of Se application. Also Ghasemi et al (2016) observed significant increases in chlorophyll contents as a result of Se treatments. Tables 6 and 7 indicated that N, P and Ca contents in leaves of sweet pepper significantly decreased with increasing salinity level in the three seasons compared with the control.…”

Nanopartículas de selenio absorbidas en hidrogeles de quitosán-polivinil alcohol en la producción de pepino injertado

“…El efecto de la aplicación de las diferentes impacto tanto a plantas injertadas y sin injertar, siendo la dosis de 1 mg de NPs de Se con hidrogeles de CS-PVA sobre las variables de crecimiento como el área foliar y el área foliar específica presentaron diferencias positivas incrementándose la superficie foliar de las plantas en un rango de 10.5% y 29.6% respectivamente en relación a los tratamientos sin aplicación de las NPs de Se, este resultado representa una superficie con mayor área de intercambio de gases (CO2) entre la planta y el medio aéreo, esta variable, se asocia con un aumento de la tasa fotosintética (Ghasemi et al, 2016). El peso fresco de raíz se incrementó 22.4% con la dosis de 2.5 mg de las NPs de Se con relación a las plantas sin aplicación (p≤ 0.05).…”