Effect of sex of model and sex of observer on the imitation of affectionate behavior.

Fryrear, Jerry L.; Thelen, Mark H.

doi:10.1037/h0027329

Cited by 39 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…"Task persistence" and "explaining feelings of self," for example, have also been labeled "prosocial" by some researchers (Rubinstein, Liebert, Neale, and Poulos, 1974). Later, Rushton (1982) categorized all prosocial behavior according to four broad areas: (1) altruism, which includes generosity, helping and cooperation, (2) friendly behavior, which some researchers have defined in terms of "physical affection" (Fryear and Thelen, 1969) and positive social interaction (O'Conner, 1969), (3) self-control behaviors, which include resisting temptation and delaying gratification, and (4) coping with fear.…”

Section: Variables and Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosocial behavior in advertising aimed at children: A content analysis

Stout

Mouritsen

1988

Southern Speech Communication Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Variables and Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosocial behavior in advertising aimed at children: A content analysis

Stout

Mouritsen

1988

Southern Speech Communication Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The link between aggressivity and boys is fairly well established (cf. Maccoby & Jacklin, 1974). Affection, though less clearly sex typed and less frequently studied, tends to be regarded as "feminine behavior" (e.g., Fryrear & Thelen, 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of sex-typed behaviors: Effects on boys and girls.

Franzini¹,

Litrownik²,

Blanchard³

1978

Developmental Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eighty preschoolers observed same-sex adults exhibiting one or four motor and verbal affectionate or aggressive response sequences during incidental modeling. More direct matches (p < .01) resulted with the single-sequence demonstrations, while multiple demonstrations led to more response class matches (p < .01). During both incidental modeling and transfer phases, girls performed more motor than verbal affectionate responses, and more direct matches of affection. No gender differences in aggressive responding emerged following incidental modeling. During transfer, boys' aggressive responses exceeded girls', if the model engaged in a single response sequence. With the multiple sequence, girls showed more aggression than boys.

show abstract

“…However, similar response classes have been manipulated and have been found to have contradictory effects upon behavior. Fryrear and Thelen (1969) found that the modeling of affectionate behavior could induce imitative affection. 1967).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yarrow and Scott (1972) found that when an adult was nurturant to children, they in turn were nurturant. Fryrear and Thelen (1969) found that the modeling of affectionate behavior could induce imitative affection. Liebert and Fernandez (1970) found that children exposed to multiple charitable models who donated a specific amount also donated in kind.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Delinquency: Further Multivariate Work With Discriminant Variables in Samples of Scottish Delinquent and Non-Delinquent Boys

Forrest¹

1977

soc behav pers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A female experimenter modeled affectionate physical contact in a group of preschool children who imitated the behavior. This induced a significant increase of affectionate behavior during a subsequent free-play period. By contrast, a group which had imitated "neutral" physical contact and another that had imitated "warm" verbal contact did not show a significant increase in affectionate behavior. Aggressive behavior was virtually absent in all groups.The effects of modeling upon aggressive behavior have been widely explored (Bandura, 1973;Berkowitz, 1962;Feshbach and Singer, 1971). The same research of affectionate behavior per se has not been explored, for the most part, because it has been difficult to bring affectionate behavior under experimental control. However, similar response classes have been manipulated and have been found to have contradictory effects upon behavior. Nurturance increased imitation (Bandura and Huston, 1961;Staub, 1971), but had no effect in Grusec and Skubinski, 1970;Rosenhan and White, 1967), and even reduced the likelihood of imitation (Bandura et al.. 1967). Yarrow and Scott (1972) found that when an adult was nurturant to children, they in turn were nurturant. Altruism also has been explored in the child prosocial literature. Liebert and Fernandez (1970) found that children exposed to multiple charitable models who donated a specific amount also donated in kind. Staub (1970) found that instructing a child that he could enter a room increased the likelihood that he would enter a room to help a distressed stooge. Fryrear and Thelen (1969) found that the modeling of affectionate behavior could induce imitative affection. These authors, however, were limited in their inferences because of an interaction between the sex of the model and the sex of the subjects. Pirot and Acker (1978, in press) induced nurturant behavior in both boys and girls using a modeling procedure with a male model.The present research systematically extends the Pirot and Acker (1978) research by the use of a different -sex model (female) ; by modeling "warm" and explicitly affectionate (e.g., kissing and hugging the teddy bear) behavior instead of the nurturance-producing procedure of Pirot and Acker; by an attempt to explore the variable of the imitative neutral physical contact training as a determinant of affectionate behavior; and finally, by the exploration of imitative "warm" verbal contact (affectionate verbal modeling) to induce affectionate behavior in young children. METHOD DESIGN AND SUBJECTSFour groups were created: (a) an Imitative "Warm" Physical Contact group; (b) an Imitative "Neutral" Physical Contact group; (c) an Imitative "Warm" Verbal Contact group; and (d) a Control group in which no training was given. 369

show abstract

Effect of sex of model and sex of observer on the imitation of affectionate behavior.

Cited by 39 publications

References 1 publication

Prosocial behavior in advertising aimed at children: A content analysis

Prosocial behavior in advertising aimed at children: A content analysis

Modeling of sex-typed behaviors: Effects on boys and girls.

Personality and Delinquency: Further Multivariate Work With Discriminant Variables in Samples of Scottish Delinquent and Non-Delinquent Boys

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About