Effect of shape and size of nickel‐coated particles fillers on conductivity of silicone rubber‐based composites

Zhou, Hu; Xia, Zhihong; Wang, X.Y.; Li, Z.; Li, T.T.; Guo, Fu

doi:10.1002/pc.23041

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Great efforts have been made to design PTC materials that possess high PTC intensity (typically >10 3 –10 4 ), good reproducibility of the PTC effect, sharp increase of resistivity over a narrow temperature range, tuneable switching temperature and insensitivity to other external stimuli (such as strain, liquids, environment) . Scientists have reported that a large number of factors can influence the PTC effect, including the choice of polymer matrix and the filler morphology, size, shape and dispersion . Despite numerous investigations of the topic, a deterministic mechanism behind the pyroresistive effect is still lacking, which makes the design and optimization of PTC devices difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Universal Control on Pyroresistive Behavior of Flexible Self‐Regulating Heating Devices

Liu

Zhang

Porwal

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

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Smart heating devices with reliable self-regulating performances and high efficiency, combined with additional properties like mechanical flexibility, are of particular interest in healthcare, soft robotics, and smart buildings. Unfortunately, the development of smart heaters necessitates managing normally conflicting requirements such as good self-regulating capabilities and efficient Joule heating performances. Here, a simple and universal materials design strategy based on a series connection of different conductive polymer composites (CPC) is shown to provide unique control over the pyroresistive properties. Hooke's and Kirchhoff 's laws of electrical circuits can simply predict the overall pyroresistive behavior of devices connected in series and/ or parallel configurations, hence providing design guidelines. An efficient and mechanically flexible Joule heating device is hence designed and created. The heater is characterized by a zero temperature coefficient of resistance below the self-regulating temperature, immediately followed by a large and sharp positive temperature coefficient (PTC) behavior with a PTC intensity of around 10 6 . Flexibility and toughness is provided by the selected elastomeric thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix as well as the device design. The universality of the approach is demonstrated by using different polymer matrices and conductive fillers for which repeatable results are consistently obtained.the merits of plastics and conductive fillers. [1] Their capability of detecting and responding to external stimuli has offered a range of promising applications by performing both sensing (damage, [2] strain, [3] humidity, [4] vapor, [5] degradation, [6] and current-limiting), [7] and actuating (artificial muscles, [8] and electroactive shape memory) [9] functions. In particular, CPCs are practical choices for pyroresistive applications like self-regulating heaters, temperature sensors, and safe battery switches, due to their capability of changing electrical resistivity upon heating. [10] Since their introduction in the late 1970s, self-regulating heating devices have been widely adopted in applications like domestic heaters and deicing units. These smart heaters can operate at a nearly constant temperature over a broad range of voltage and dissipative conditions by utilizing the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect. The PTC effect, where the electrical resistivity increases with increasing operating temperature, is the main property that enables self-regulating heating. [11] The PTC phenomenon is generally explained by the mismatch of thermal expansion between the polymer matrix and the filler. [12] When the temperature increases and exceeds a certain threshold, the continuous network formed by the conductive fillers is disrupted. Due to expansion of the polymer matrix, the electrical conductivity and the current passing through the sample are reduced, regulating the temperature within a desired range. [13] Great efforts have been made to design PTC materials that p...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride have also been widely studied. [15b,18] Although the toughness of these neat polymers is high, it drops dramatically with filler loading. In this work, thermoplastic elastomers are therefore selected for their high flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universal Control on Pyroresistive Behavior of Flexible Self‐Regulating Heating Devices

Liu

Zhang

Porwal

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The results based on other mass ratios and other initial stresses are the same as those based on the mass ratio of 0.10 and the initial stress of 300 kPa (The related data are shown in Figs. and ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Conductive polymer composites play important roles in the modern science and technology . Therefore, the electrical and mechanical properties of the composites have attracted more and more interests these years .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressive capacitance relaxation of carbon black filled silicone rubber composite

Wang

2017

Polymer Composites

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The changes in the capacitance of carbon black filled silicone rubber composite during the compressive stress relaxation, which is defined as the “compressive capacitance relaxation,” is researched. During the compressive stress relaxation, the capacitance of the composite increases gradually and tends to be stable over time. Based on the viscoelastic theory, the mathematical model for the compressive capacitance relaxation is established. The capacitance relaxation times and the stable normalized capacitance decrease with the increase of the conductive phase content. The capacitance relaxation times hold constant, and the stable normalized capacitance increases with the increase of the initial stress. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:3446–3451, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…Conductive polymer composites have attracted a great deal of scientific and commercial interest , which have been widely used in the fields of electromagnetic (EMI)/radio‐frequency interference shielding, electrostatic discharge, spark proof rubber contact switches, pressure‐sensitive sensors and semiconducting materials in high‐voltage cables and circuit components in microelectronics . Among them, conductive silicone rubber is the one of most popular conductive composites, whose conductivity is imparted by the addition of conductive fillers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extruded conductive silicone rubber with high compression recovery and good aging‐resistance for electromagnetic shielding applications

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

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Present conductive silicone rubber with carbon blacks has low compression recovery, and is difficult to make long-term electromagnetic shielding products. In order to solve the problem, special hollow-shell carbon blacks were used and then treated by coupling agent to prepare conductive silicone rubber. The compression set of conductive rubber at 1008C for 48 h was only 8.9%, displaying a extremely good recovery. Importantly, the special rubber can be extruded and then continuously vulcanized. Moreover, its electromagnetic shielding effectiveness reached beyond 20 dB at the frequency of 0.01 MHz-10 GHz. After the thermal oxidative aging at 90 and 1108C for 30 days, carbon blacks occurred to aggregate, which gives rise to a drop of tensile property and slight effects on the modulus and hardness. The compression set also increased, but it still maintained a low level after 30 days. There is only little change for the conductivity of silicone rubber and thus its electromagnetic shielding effectiveness still retained beyond 20 dB, showing a good aging resistance. It is believed that our findings may provide an effective solution to fabricate rubber products to sever the electromagnetic protection. POLYM. COMPOS., 00:000-000, 2018.

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Effect of shape and size of nickel‐coated particles fillers on conductivity of silicone rubber‐based composites

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Universal Control on Pyroresistive Behavior of Flexible Self‐Regulating Heating Devices

Universal Control on Pyroresistive Behavior of Flexible Self‐Regulating Heating Devices

Compressive capacitance relaxation of carbon black filled silicone rubber composite

Extruded conductive silicone rubber with high compression recovery and good aging‐resistance for electromagnetic shielding applications

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