Effect of short-term natural weathering on MSWI and wood waste bottom ash leaching behaviour

Gori, M.; Bergfeldt, Britta; Pfrang-Stotz, G.; Reichelt, J.; Sirini, Piero

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.02.045

Cited by 45 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Under aerobic conditions DOM can also play a role in the weathering of bottom ash, by sustaining microbial activity that can provide CO 2 via respiration for the carbonation reactions (Rendek et al, 2006a;Bayard et al, 2009). Ageing treatment has been shown successful in reducing to a certain extent the leaching of lead, molybdenum and zinc (Meima and Comans, 1997;Hyks and Astrup, 2009), however it has been reported inefficient or detrimental for the leaching of Cr, Cu and Sb (Cornelis et al, 2006;Hyks and Astrup, 2009;Gori et al, 2011). As such, ageing often falls short of meeting required environmental regulatory limits for safe storage or reutilization, and enhanced treatment methods are still desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of ageing, heat treatment and accelerated carbonation for stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash in view of reducing regulated heavy metal/metalloid leaching

Santos

Mertens

Salman

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental Management

120

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This study compared the performance of four different approaches for stabilization of regulated heavy metal and metalloid leaching from municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWI-BA): (i) short term (three months) heap ageing, (ii) heat treatment, (iii) accelerated moist carbonation, and (iv) accelerated pressurized slurry carbonation. Two distinct types of MSWI-BA were tested in this study: one originating from a moving-grate furnace incineration operation treating exclusively household refuse (sample B), and another originating from a fluid-bed furnace incineration operation that treats a mixture of household and light industrial wastes (sample F). The most abundant elements in the ashes were Si (20-27 wt.%) and Ca (16-19 wt.%), followed by significant quantities of Fe, Al, Na, S, K, Mg, Ti, and Cl. The main crystalline substances present in the fresh ashes were Quartz, Calcite, Apatite, Anhydrite and Gehlenite, while the amorphous fraction ranged from 56 to 73 wt.%. The leaching values of all samples were compared to the Flemish (NEN 7343) and the Walloon (DIN 38414) regulations from Belgium. Batch leaching of the fresh ashes at natural pH showed that seven elements exceeded at least one regulatory limit (Ba, Cr, Cu, Mo, Pb, Se and Zn), and that both ashes had excess basicity (pH > 12). Accelerated carbonation achieved significant reduction in ash basicity (9.3-9.9); lower than ageing (10.5-12.2) and heat treatment (11.1-12.1). For sample B, there was little distinction between the leaching results of ageing and accelerated carbonation with respect to regulatory limits; however carbonation achieved comparatively lower leaching levels. Heat treatment was especially detrimental to the leaching of Cr. For sample F, ageing was ineffective and heat treatment had marginally better results, while accelerated carbonation delivered the most effective performance, with slurry carbonation meeting all DIN limits. Slurry carbonation was deemed the most effective treatment process, achieving consistently significant leaching stabilization, while also effectively washing out Cl ions, a requirement for the utilization of the ashes in construction applications. The benefits of carbonation were linked to the formation of significant quantities of Ca-carbonates, including appreciable quantities of the Aragonite polymorph formed in the slurry carbonated samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of ageing, heat treatment and accelerated carbonation for stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash in view of reducing regulated heavy metal/metalloid leaching

Santos

Mertens

Salman

et al. 2013

Journal of Environmental Management

120

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“…According to the literature (Chimenos et al 2000;Gori et al 2011), Cu has a strong affinity with with dissolved humic and fulvic acids, to form organometallic complexes (Chimenos et al 2003;Dijkstra et al 2006). It can be assumed that dissolved organic carbon in MSWI bottom ash causes the Cu release.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). It can be assumed that the lower lead oxides solubility may be a result of sorption processes and formation of more stable mineral phases (Chimenos et al 2000;Dijkstra et al 2006;Gori et al 2011). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Municipal solid waste incineration enables to reduce the mass of original waste by up to 70% (volume by up to 90%) and recovery energy (approximately 200 kWh ton-1 ) (Arickx et al 2006;Su et al 2013). MSWI produces two mains type of by-products: bottom (BA) and fly (FA) ashes (in amount of about 33% of the incinerated waste (Qiao et al 2008;Ferraris et al 2009;Gori et al 2011). BA accounts for 85-95% of all the residues produced during MSWI (Rednek et al 2006;Rosende et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), such as vitrification (Toraldo et al 2013;Ferraris et al 2009), water washing (Kuo et al 2013), full metal separation (Olsson et al 2009) and weathering (natural and accelerated) (Arickx et al 2006;Gori et al 2011;Santos et al 2013;Valle-Zermeño et al 2013;Valle-Zermeño et al 2015), for MSWI bottom ash stabilization. Bottom ash pre-treatment technologies requires additional costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals Leaching of MSWI Bottom Ash: Effect of Short-term Natural Weathering

Seniūnaitė

Vasarevičius

2017

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"

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Abstract. Municipal solid wastes incineration (MSWI) is an important part of the waste management systems in many European countries. Incineration process generates two main by-products: fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA). Bottom ash is composed of a variety of oxides, heavy metals and salts. Landfilling of untreated (fresh) BA can cause soil, surface and ground water contamination problems, because atmospheric precipitation in BA formed leachate, which contains of various materials. In this study investigates the influence of natural weathering to heavy metals leaching from BA. Leaching tests of bottom ash were carried out in 6 months, leachate samples were taken at 12 times (every 2 weeks). Heavy metals (Pb, Cu) concentrations were determined by atomic adsorption of spectral analysis method. The research shown, that the highest lead and copper concentration was determinated in 2 weeks weathered bottom ash leachate, respectively was 0.613 mg l -1 and 0.068 mg l -1 . In both cases the concentration of Pb (0.010-0.052 mg l -1 ) and Cu (0.010-0.018 mg l -1 ) became almost stable after 12 weeks. Can be concluded, that short-term (3 months) natural weathering is sufficient time for stabilise MSWI bottom ash and heavy metals (Cu and Pb) leaching. After 18-24 weeks heavy metals concentrations stabilized and remained almost constant.

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Froth Flotation of Copper and Copper Compounds from Fine Fractions of Waste Incineration Bottom Ashes

Breitenstein

Elwert

Goldmann

et al. 2016

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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In Germany about 5 million tons of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ashes are treated for metal recovery annually. With the actual processing metal recovery is realized down to 2 mm. The fractions < 2 mm are utilized without metal recovery. Due to high residual concentrations of non‐ferrous metals in these fractions, especially Cu, several thousand tons of metals are lost every year. This article presents an approach to recover Cu of fine fractions < 0.2 mm by froth flotation. Several collector regimes are screened and flotation parameters are varied. First results exhibit Cu recoveries of 50 % with Cu concentrations of about 5 %.

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Effect of short-term natural weathering on MSWI and wood waste bottom ash leaching behaviour

Cited by 45 publications

References 51 publications

Comparative study of ageing, heat treatment and accelerated carbonation for stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash in view of reducing regulated heavy metal/metalloid leaching

Comparative study of ageing, heat treatment and accelerated carbonation for stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash in view of reducing regulated heavy metal/metalloid leaching

Heavy Metals Leaching of MSWI Bottom Ash: Effect of Short-term Natural Weathering

Froth Flotation of Copper and Copper Compounds from Fine Fractions of Waste Incineration Bottom Ashes

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