Effect of Silica Sand on the Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Concrete

Ghosh, Kushal; Bose, Subhashis; Paul, Bidyut K.; Ghosh, Partha

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-4055-2_12

Cited by 1 publication

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References 19 publications

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“…At home, he claimed, the native did not really need it since he was after all 'unfettered by … the shirt and the neck-tie, the pantaloons and the dress coat'. 62 It is useful to specify here that the punkah was certainly used in more elite native households. Yet, while this article does not offer a fuller analysis of the issue of punkah use by native elites, it does seem likely that this use was significantly more moderate compared to European wants.…”

Section: The De-domestication Of Punkah-pullingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keeping the master cool, every day, all day: Punkah-pulling in colonial India

Sengupta

2021

The Indian Economic & Social History Review

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This article studies how the distribution of the work of punkah-pulling in European households and barracks of colonial India involved European masters making gradually multiplying claims on their servants’ labouring time and how these claims fared in practice. The laborious task of punkah-pulling in such establishments was often resisted by native servants on counts of caste, custom or simply exhaustion. In the context of such conflicts, this article tries to understand how the colonial state and its legal and regulatory functions mediated the contested terrain of domestic and service work over the nineteenth century. Over the latter half of this century, punkah-pulling became a separate occupation, even as this occupation slid down the hierarchy of service work and became a more pronounced target of recurring racial violence. Against this background, the article also tries to grapple with the material limits encountered by the regimes of work involved in the cheap, day-and-night conduct of punkah-pulling that eventually led up to the acceptance of mechanised alternatives.

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Section: The De-domestication Of Punkah-pullingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keeping the master cool, every day, all day: Punkah-pulling in colonial India

Sengupta

2021

The Indian Economic & Social History Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effect of Silica Sand on the Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Concrete

Cited by 1 publication

References 19 publications

Keeping the master cool, every day, all day: Punkah-pulling in colonial India

Keeping the master cool, every day, all day: Punkah-pulling in colonial India

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