Effect of single or combined administration of resistant starch and chitosan oligosaccharides on insulin resistance in rats fed with a high‐fat diet

Wang, Junxuan; Si, Xu; Shang, Wenting; Zhou, Zhong Kai; Strappe, Pádraig; Blanchard, Christopher L.

doi:10.1002/star.201600209

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Decreases in insulin secretion and sensitivity can result in reduced hepatic glycogen synthesis, which accelerates metabolic disorders and the development of diabetes. [ 34 ] As shown in Figure , the liver glycogen content of the model group was reduced to 6.1 mg · g −1 liver weight, a significant difference compared with the NC group. Dietary intervention with CY and RS over 12 weeks significantly increased liver glycogen content, reaching 13.32 and 12.43 mg · g −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Antidiabetic Effect of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in High‐Fat Diet/Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats

Zong

Guan

et al. 2023

Starch Stärke

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This study aims to assess the effect of different doses of Chinese yam (CY) on a high‐fat diet (HFD) and a streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rat model, using resistant starch (RS) as a positive control. Rats in the normal control and diabetes model (DM) groups are fed the standard diet and HFD, respectively. The RS and CY‐intervention groups are fed with a special HFD, in which starch, maltodextrin, and sucrose in the HFD are replaced completely with RS or CY powder in different proportions: 33.33% (1/3), 66.67% (2/3), and 100% respectively. The results show that CY powder can decrease serum levels of total triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin, lower abdominal fat weight and abdominal fat index, increase levels of insulin and hepatic glycogen, and improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. In addition, CY reduces oxidative stress and inflammation and reduces spleen weight and spleen index in diabetic rats. Notably, CY shows higher efficacy than RS in glucose tolerance and serum insulin and nitric oxide levels. This study suggests that CY powder may replace RS as a functional food in diabetic diets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Antidiabetic Effect of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in High‐Fat Diet/Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats

Zong

Guan

et al. 2023

Starch Stärke

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“…In vivo COS administration did not demonstrate any antidiabetic/hypocholesterolemic effects, since glycemia and cholesterol levels in GK rats were not altered [100]. In a recent study [101], the consumption of COS with complexes to resistant starch produced a higher capability for insulin sensitivity revival. Gene expression of liver tissues obtained from COS-injected rats approved that this effect may be due to increase in the liver glucose alteration through activation of GS2 as well as GYG1, decrease in gluconeogenesis through activation of G6PC1, and change in glucolipid metabolism through activation of Insig-2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Updates in Pharmacological Properties of Chitooligosaccharides

Marmouzi

Ezzat

Salama

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Chemical structures derived from marine foods are highly diverse and pharmacologically promising. In particular, chitooligosaccharides (COS) present a safe pharmacokinetic profile and a great source of new bioactive polymers. This review describes the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties of COS from recent publications. Thus, COS constitute an effective agent against oxidative stress, cellular damage, and inflammatory pathogenesis. The mechanisms of action and targeted therapeutic pathways of COS are summarized and discussed. COS may act as antioxidants via their radical scavenging activity and by decreasing oxidative stress markers. The mechanism of COS antidiabetic effect is characterized by an acceleration of pancreatic islets proliferation, an increase in insulin secretion and sensitivity, a reduction of postprandial glucose, and an improvement of glucose uptake. COS upregulate the GLUT2 and inhibit digestive enzyme and glucose transporters. Furthermore, they resulted in reduction of gluconeogenesis and promotion of glucose conversion. On the other hand, the COS decrease inflammatory mediators, suppress the activation of NF-κB, increase the phosphorylation of kinase, and stimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes. Overall, this review brings evidence from experimental data about protective effect of COS.

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“…A new absorption peak at 1560.88 cm −1 appeared in the COS-RS complex spectra, and the shape of typical absorption peaks for starch from 1180 to 953 cm −1 also changed. The results suggested that the consumption of COS-RS complexes exerted a more efficient recovery of insulin sensitivity compared to individual treatments [77]. Herbal supplements are currently available as a safer alternative to manage obesity.…”

Section: Application Of Ir Spectroscopy and Microscopy In Obesity Resmentioning

confidence: 95%

Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy and Microscopy in Diagnosis of Obesity

Mollaoglu¹,

Ozyurt²,

Severcan³

2019

Infrared Spectroscopy - Principles, Advances, and Applications

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Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopic technique based on the absorption of infrared radiation by matters that excite vibrations of molecular bonds. It is a powerful method for investigating structural, functional, and compositional changes in biomolecules, cells, and tissues. In recent years, scientific researchers have continued to increase the performance of this technique on clinical cases such as cancers and metabolic disorders. Obesity is one of the main factors that increases the risk of many diseases and contributes to functional disabilities in tissues such as adipose, liver, and muscle. Applications of IR spectroscopic techniques allow identifying molecular changes due to obesity, to understand the molecular mechanism of the disease, to identify specific spectral biomarkers that can be used in diagnosis. In addition, these spectral biomarkers can be used to identify the appropriate drugs and their doses for treatment. In this chapter, applications of IR spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to the characterization and understanding the obesity metabolism will be presented. The discriminatory power of these techniques in diagnosis of obesity will be discussed. In future, these novel approaches will shed light on the internal diagnosis of obesity in clinical application.

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Effect of single or combined administration of resistant starch and chitosan oligosaccharides on insulin resistance in rats fed with a high‐fat diet

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Antidiabetic Effect of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in High‐Fat Diet/Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats

Antidiabetic Effect of Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in High‐Fat Diet/Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Rats

Recent Updates in Pharmacological Properties of Chitooligosaccharides

Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy and Microscopy in Diagnosis of Obesity

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