Effect of sintering time on varistor properties of Dy2O3-doped ZnO–Pr6O11-based ceramics

Microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO–Bi2O3-based varistor ceramics by different sintering processes

“…18 That is, the lower the barrier height, the worse the nonlinearity is. 26,27 The decrease in the height of the grain boundary barrier was related to the vaporization of Bi 2 O 3 . For these three sintering processes, as the sintering temperature increased, the leakage current first decreased and then increased.…”

Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Microstructure and Electrical Characteristics of Low Clamping Voltage Zinc Oxide- Based Ceramic Varistor

“…This is indicative of a deterioration tendency in the varistor microstructure. Nahm (2004), Leach et al (2006) and Nahm (2007) have all reported a lowering of the barrier height and poorer non-linearity in the electrical response of excessively sintered varistors.…”

Novel Methods of Tritium Sequestration: High Temperature Gettering and Separation Membrane Materials Discovery for Nuclear Energy Systems

“…It is possible that (Y,Ce)O 2-δ diffuses and dissolves into the lattice with the grain boundary diffusion during the prolonged holding period at the second-stage with lower sintering temperature. The prolonged holding time is also beneficial for a higher solubility for the dopants and thus can be viewed as a homogenization process 49 . For conventional sintered and reactive sintered samples, the diffusion energy for the grain boundary is not met while the activation energy for grain boundary migration (grain growth) is guaranteed, leading to the segregation of the impurities in the grain boundaries.…”