Effect of slag content and activator dosage on the resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to sulfuric acid attack

Aiken, Timothy A.; Kwasny, Jacek; Sha, Wei; Soutsos, Marios

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.06.011

Cited by 231 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Eventually the pH of the water solutions became stable which may provide an indication of the pH of the pore solution of each mix. We reported that there was only a small difference between each mix, (values ranged between 11.5 and 12.5 following 7 days of immersion) [48,60]. This suggests that the difference in the pH of the pore solution for each mix was small.…”

Section: Porosity and Pore Structurementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Resistance to organic acid attack was determined using an accelerated method, based on the guidelines provided in ASTM C267 [59] and previous studies [47][48][49]60]. The mass loss of 50 mm mortar cubes following immersion in acid solutions was investigated.…”

Section: Testing Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There may be some difference in the initial pH values due to the different composition of each mix. Previous publications from this group [48,60] showed the evolution of the pH of water solutions during immersion in water of the equivalent pastes of these mortar mixes. Initially the pH of the water was 6.8 but increases over time during samples immersion.…”

Section: Porosity and Pore Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxide compositions and loss on ignition (LOI) for both fly ash and Portland cement were obtained by X-ray fluorescence and are shown in Table 1. Previous publications [47,48] showed the main crystalline phases identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) present in the fly ash and Portland cement. In the fly ash they are quartz, mullite and hematite, whereas in the Portland cement they are alite, belite, aluminate, brownmillerite and gypsum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to organic acids

2020

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Fly ash geopolymers are a relatively new class of binders with the potential to reduce the CO2 emissions associated with Portland cement based construction materials. This paper reports on the organic acid resistance of fly ash geopolymers following exposure to acetic and lactic acid. Organic acids are prevalent in many circumstances including agriculture, production processes and waste management. These findings demonstrate that the surface of fly ash geopolymers had superior resistance to organic acids when compared with traditional Portland cement, evidenced by smaller mass losses. This was attributed to the formation of reaction products which were less susceptible to acid attack than those formed in Portland cement systems due to their lower calcium content. However, despite the surface of fly ash geopolymers appearing less deteriorated due to organic acid attack, they were found to have a higher porosity than their Portland cement counterparts making them more susceptible to acid ingress.

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Section: Porosity and Pore Structurementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Testing Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Porosity and Pore Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to organic acids

2020

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“…In OPC concrete, calcium is considered to be the weakest link in the hydration product as it leaches out in acidic environment (Bernal et al, 2012). Though there are published studies on the low solubility and high resistance of AAM in aggressive environments (Aiken et al, 2018;Fernández-Jiménez and Palomo, 2009), there are also limitations in understanding their performance in the presence of different type of fibers. In this study, an effort is made to study the effect of sulphuric (H2SO4) and acetic (CH3COOH) acid on alkali activated slag (AAS) mortar with steel, glass and basalt fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Fibre-Reinforced Slag-Based Alkali Activated Mortar in Acidic Environment

Perumal¹,

Tobias²,

Luukkonen³

et al. 2020

XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings

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The main aim of the work is to study the effect of different fibres (steel, glass and basalt) on resistance of blast furnace slag-based alkali-activated mortar in acidic environment. The alkaliactivated slag mortars were exposed to 5% sulfuric and acetic acid solutions for 30 days. Mass change, compressive strength and microstructural changes were evaluated. In plain mortar, it was observed that 70% of the strength was retained in acetic acid environment whereas only 20% of residual strength remains in sulphuric acid environment. FTIR spectroscopy shows the degradation of the matrix, which implies the alkali-activated mortar was more vulnerable in sulphuric acid environment due to its aggressive nature compared to acetic acid. Decalcification and formation of calcium acetate also hinders the further progress of damage in acetic acid attack. Fibres helped in improving the performance of the mortar by holding the matrix together when the degradation occurred in acidic environment. Compared to plain mortar, incorporation of steel fibres exhibited a maximum strength retention of 19% in acetic acid and 7% in sulphuric acid, followed by glass and basalt fibres. SEM images clearly show the debonding of fibres and disintegration of matrix in acidic environment, which resulted in strength loss.

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The Capacity of Alkali‐Activated Industrial Wastes in Novel Sustainable Ceramic Membranes

Shiwa,

Khosravi,

Mohammadi

et al. 2024

ChemBioEng Reviews

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Novel ceramic membranes present unquestionable potential in wastewater treatment among the emerging technologies, while a few challenges such as cost, energy consumption, durability, and resistance in harsh mediums still limit their commercialization. Here, we review the capability of available industrial aluminosilicate waste materials in the fabrication of novel ceramic membranes using green and economical alkali‐activation synthesis method. The different sources of alkali‐activated aluminosilicate wastes including ashes, mining wastes, glass and ceramic wastes, slags, construction wastes, industrial byproducts, and agricultural wastes are introduced and the chemistry of geopolymers is reviewed. In this review, the major points are the following. 1) The alkali‐activated structures present reasonable chemical, frost, carbonation, and mechanical resistance as well as the ability to immobilize the toxic materials. 2) The synthesis aspects of porous and nonporous alkali‐activated ceramic membranes are explored by characterization methods. Furthermore, the durability analysis in harsh environments reveals that alkali‐activated ceramic membranes possess high resistance against acidic, alkaline, and other antifouling chemical washing methods. In summary, it is demonstrated that the studied membranes have an undeniable capability in the separation of organic solvents in the pervaporation process as well as toxic material removal from water with high ion‐exchange capacity.

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Effect of slag content and activator dosage on the resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to sulfuric acid attack

Cited by 231 publications

References 105 publications

Resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to organic acids

Resistance of fly ash geopolymer binders to organic acids

Performance of Fibre-Reinforced Slag-Based Alkali Activated Mortar in Acidic Environment

The Capacity of Alkali‐Activated Industrial Wastes in Novel Sustainable Ceramic Membranes

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