Effect of Slag on the Strength and Shrinkage Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers

Zhan, Jianghuai; Li, Hongbo; Pan, Qun; Cheng, Zhenyun; Li, Huang; Fu, Bo

doi:10.3390/ma15082944

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Therefore, the substitution rate of Al for Si is higher in a highly alkaline environment; that is, the reaction level of the AASM is higher, which proves that a highly alkaline environment is conducive to the reaction of metakaolin and slag. This is consistent with Zhan et al (2022). The vibration peak at 1047-1050 cm −1 represents the vibration of the T-O-Si (where T is Si or Al) asymmetric functional group.…”

Section: Ftir Analysissupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In their interaction process, the contour lines are more distributed in the abscissa than in the ordinate (Figure5B), indicating that the effect of the Na 2 O content on the compressive strength of the cementitious composite materials is greater than that of the activator modulus. With an increase in Na 2 O content, the compressive strength of the AASM increases, which is consistent with the results ofZhan et al (2022) and Ma Qianmin et al…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…With an increase in metakaolin content, the depolymerization ability of the low-alkalinity solution on aluminosilicate minerals decreases. At this time, N-A-S-H gel is the main hydration product, and the amount of C-A-S-H gel is small, resulting in a decrease in the compressive strength of the system (Zhan et al, 2022). As illustrated in Figure 5D, when the metakaolin content and Na 2 O content interact, the contour distribution in the abscissa is wider than that in the ordinate, indicating that the influence of Na 2 O content on compressive strength is greater than that of metakaolin content.…”

Section: Interaction Analysis Of Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alkali-activated materials, a new type of cementitious material with good durability and environmentally friendly, are prepared using an alkaline activator and aluminosilicate with mineral or industrial by-products, such as milled slag powder and fly ash (Li et al, 2018;Ren et al, 2020;Zhan et al, 2022). Compared with Portland cement, alkali-activated materials have excellent performance and low environmental load (Provis, 2013;Li et al, 2017a;Chen et al, 2021;Zhu et al, 2021;Ren et al, 2022a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the study of Fu et al (2018), an alkali activator with a high alkali ion concentration did not form stable reaction products when it reacted with solid raw materials, thus decreasing the compressive strength of oligomer paste. Zhan et al (2022) found that when the Na 2 O content was between 8% and 12%, a rise in alkali content led to the drying and contraction of alkali-activated metakaolin geopolymers and an increase in autogenous and chemical shrinkage. As stated by Wang et al (2008), alkali-activated metakaolin cementitious materials performed well with a 1.0 modulus of sodium silicate and 8% Na 2 O content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition design and characterization of alkali-activated Slag–Metakaolin materials

Zhan

Li³

et al. 2022

Front. Built Environ.

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This study explores the effects of the interactions among Na2O content, metakaolin content and activator modulus on the compressive strength and autogenous shrinkage of alkali-activated slag–metakaolin (AASM) materials. The Box–Behnken RSM design was used to create an experimental scheme, establish a model, and optimize the mix proportions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Mercury intrusion experiments were used to analyze the compositions, microstructures, and pore structures of the hydration products of the AASM, respectively. Results showed that the interactions between the activator modulus and metakaolin content, as well as Na2O content and metakaolin content, are the key factors affecting the compressive strength and autogenous shrinkage, respectively, of the AASM. Under the optimal conditions of Na2O content of 6%, sodium silicate modulus of 1.5, and metakaolin/slag ratio of 1: 3, the relative errors in the model verification test for compressive strength and autogenous shrinkage are 0% and 0.18%, respectively. In the water glass modulus and metakaolin content interaction, Ca2+, A13+, and Si4+ ions in the composite system react with several [SiO4]4− groups to form C-A-S-H and N-A-S-H gels, which fill each other to make the composite structure denser. When Na2O interacts with metakaolin, the OH− and Na+ in the solution react with A13+ and Si4+ to generate additional N-A-S-H, thereby reducing the compressive strength of the composite system, mitigating autogenous shrinkage, and increasing volume stability.

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Section: Ftir Analysissupporting

confidence: 84%

supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Interaction Analysis Of Compressive Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition design and characterization of alkali-activated Slag–Metakaolin materials

Zhan

Li³

et al. 2022

Front. Built Environ.

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Non-firing Synthesis for Oxides: From Natural to Synthetic Forms with Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Processes

Zhao,

Xu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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A comparative study of the behavior of engineered cementitious composites and engineered geopolymer composites containing metakaolin and magnetized water

Keshta,

Eltawil,

Elshikh

et al. 2024

Innov. Infrastruct. Solut.

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Sustainable materials and technologies used in engineered cementitious composites (ECC) and engineered geopolymer composites (EGC) have gained significant attention from concrete researchers in recent decades, owing to their superior performance compared to traditional concrete. In this study, the performance of sustainable ECC and EGC made of metakaolin (MK) and magnetized water (MW) is evaluated and compared. This was carried out using 14 mixes (7 for ECC and 7 for EGC). The control ECC mix contained cement and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and the control EGC mix contained fly ash (FA) and GGBFS. In ECC, the cement and GGBFS were partially replaced by MK; and in EGC, the FA and GGBFS were replaced by MK. The replacement ratios were 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% by volume. The tap water (TW) was completely replaced by MW in ECC and EGC mixes containing 0% and 20% MK. Fresh, mechanical, and durability properties were measured for both ECC and EGC such as; slump, compressive and flexural strength, water absorption, and sorptivity. The effect of different curing environments (tap water and seawater) on ECC/EGC compressive strength was also studies. Furthermore, microstructural analyses were performed on specific ECC and EGC mixtures. The microstructure analyses included scanning electronic microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and mapping of the morphology surface. The fresh and mechanical properties indicated that EGC exhibited higher slump values (by up to 7.3 times) and higher compressive strengths (by up to 90%) than those of ECC, especially in the presence of MW. Seawater curing enhanced the EGC compressive strength by up to 16%. The durability results showed that absorption rates and sorptivity of EGC were relatively higher than those of the corresponding ECC. The SEM analysis showed that the concentration of gelatinous materials as CSH and ASG in the mixes using MW was higher than the similar mixes with made with TW, especially in the presence of MK. The EDX analysis and mapping showed that the ratio of Ca/Si was low in EGC compared to that in ECC.

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Effect of Slag on the Strength and Shrinkage Properties of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers

Cited by 16 publications

References 53 publications

Composition design and characterization of alkali-activated Slag–Metakaolin materials

Composition design and characterization of alkali-activated Slag–Metakaolin materials

Non-firing Synthesis for Oxides: From Natural to Synthetic Forms with Energy-Efficient and Sustainable Processes

A comparative study of the behavior of engineered cementitious composites and engineered geopolymer composites containing metakaolin and magnetized water

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