Effect of Small Doses of Iodine on Thyroid Function during Caloric Restriction in Normal Subjects

Reinhardt, Walter; Holtermann, D.; Benker, G.; Olbricht, Th.; Jaspers, Ch.; Reinwein, D.

doi:10.1159/000182713

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We screened 2019 titles and abstracts after the electronic and bibliographic searches. Twenty-one studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and reported on UI, thyroglobulin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and/or TSH (16,17,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40). Thirty-seven potential studies were excluded (for reasons, see Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of assessment of iodine status in humans: a systematic review

Ristić‐Medić

Piskáčková

Hooper

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

245

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Despite the high risk of bias of many of the included studies, the results suggested that urinary iodine, thyroglobin, serum thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone are useful biomarkers of iodine status, at least in some groups. High-quality controlled studies measuring relevant long-term outcomes are needed to address which biomarker is the most appropriate for assessing iodine intake in some population groups and settings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of assessment of iodine status in humans: a systematic review

Ristić‐Medić

Piskáčková

Hooper

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

245

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“…Reinhardt et al [24] could demon strate in the dietary-induced low T3 syndrome that the severity of NTI was more pronounced in those people who had a higher dietary iodine intake. In the present study, those patients exposed to high doses of iodine pre operatively had slightly higher TSH concentrations but demonstrated the same time pattern with the lowest TSH value on day 1 after surgery.…”

Section: Influence O F Iodine Contamination On Thyroid Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery on Thyroid Hormone Parameters

Reinhardt¹,

Mocker²,

Jockenhövel³

et al. 1997

Horm Res

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The postoperative period after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with a low T3 syndrome, i.e. low T3 and fT3 concentrations in the presence of normal T4 and TSH concentrations. So far, results from studies evaluating thyroid function during and after CPB are rather conflicting. We therefore evaluated prospectively thyroid function in 28 patients before, during and up to 3 days after coronary artery bypass surgery. We could demonstrate the most significant changes in thyroid hormone concentrations on day 1 after CPB (low T3 and fT3 concentrations, elevated rT3 concentrations in the presence of a significant fall of TSH). T3 fell from 1.93 to 0.6 nmol/l and fT3 from 5.5 to 1.42 pmol/l. Those patients with low cardiac output syndrome after surgery had significantly lower T3 concentrations than patients without this complication. Moreover, those patients, who already had significant lower T3 values prior to CPB, also demonstrated low T3 concentrations on day 1 after CPB. Cortisol usually has a suppressive effect on TSH secretion. However, the effect of cortisol on TSH in patients undergoing CPB seems to be not that important: those patients with high endogenous cortisol concentrations on day 1 after CPB had similar TSH values to those patients with only slightly elevated cortisol concentrations. Also, the application of high doses of catecholamines seems to have only minor effects on TSH secretion, because those patients requiring high doses of dopamine over a prolonged time period had essentially the same TSH values after CPB. Patients who had been exposed preoperatively to high doses of iodine did not demonstrate significantly different thyroid hormone concentrations. In conclusion: We could demonstrate that CPB induces a low T3 syndrome up to 3 days after surgery. Those patients with low T3 concentrations prior to surgery demonstrate postoperatively a more severe degree of nonthyroidal illness (NTI).Catecholamines and cortisol seem to have only minor effects on the TSH secretion after CPB. The influence of a previous iodine contamination is negligible.

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“…The low-T3 syndrome is frequently observed during caloric restriction, after surgery and after myocardial infarction. 16,18 On the other hand, an increase in reverse-T3 (rT3), generated by the inner-ring deodination of thyroxine, is observed. rT3 has no thyromimetic activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low T3-syndrome and nutritional status as prognostic factors in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation

Schulte

Reinhardt

Beelen³

et al. 1998

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:Bone marrow transplantation is known to be associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of nutritional status and development of sick euthyroid syndrome as prognostic factors for outcome after BMT. In 100 patients who underwent transplantation the following parameters were assessed before and at day 14 and 28 after transplantation: anthropometric data (body weight, body mass index, body composition, grip strength), rapid turnover proteins transferrin and prealbumin, T4, T3, free T4, reverse T3, thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroglobulin. Following bone marrow transplantation, 22 patients died in the short-term follow-up (group A) before day 140 after BMT, 21 patients died during further follow-up between days 140 and 365 (group B) and 57 patients survived longer than 365 days (group C). All patients experienced a significant decrease of transferrin and T3, accompanied by an increase of rT3 and rT3/T3 ratio at day 14 after BMT. At day 28 after BMT, patients in group C showed recovery from these changes with an increase of transferrin and a fall in rT3 and the rT3/T3-ratio, which was not seen in patients who died during further follow-up (groups A and B). The observed changes were independent of other prognostically relevant factors (type of disease, HLA-match, immunosuppression). Impaired nutritional status and development of a sick euthyroid syndrome, without tendency to recovery, are associated with a higher probability of fatal outcome after bone marrow transplantation and have prognostic relevance in this group of patients.

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Effect of Small Doses of Iodine on Thyroid Function during Caloric Restriction in Normal Subjects

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Methods of assessment of iodine status in humans: a systematic review

Methods of assessment of iodine status in humans: a systematic review

Influence of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery on Thyroid Hormone Parameters

Low T3-syndrome and nutritional status as prognostic factors in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation

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