Effect of Smoking on Macular Function and Structure in Active Smokers Versus Passive Smokers

El-Shazly, Amany Abd El-Fattah; Farweez, Yousra Ahmed Thabet; Elzankalony, Yasser Abdelmageuid; Elewa, Lamia S; Farweez, Botheina Ahmed Thabet

doi:10.1097/iae.0000000000001632

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In this study, a total of 13 observational studies (7 case-control, 5 cross-sectional, and 1 prospective consecutive case series study) were included [16–28]. In the included studies, we identified a total of 614 smokers and 625 controls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yang

Huang

Yao

2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Background Cigarette smoking has been regarded as a risk factor for the incidence of a wide variety of chronic illness; however, its effect on thickness of the retina or choroid is still unknown. Methods A consummate literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase up to January, 2018. The quantitative synthesis was conducted by Stata 12.0. Results A total of 13 observational studies were included in this meta-analysis. In this meta-analysis of all available observational studies, no significant effect of tobacco smoking on retinal or choroidal thickness change was detected. However, advanced analyses showed that smoking would influence the thickness of RNFL (average: SMD, −0.332; 95% CI, −0.637 to −0.027; inferior: SMD, −0.632; 95% CI, −1.092 to −0.172; and superior: SMD, −0.720; 95% CI, −0.977 to −0.463) and GCL (superior: SMD, −0.549; 95% CI, −0.884 to −0.215; inferior: SMD, −0.602; 95% CI, −0.938 to −0.265). Meanwhile, subgroup analyses demonstrated that the results based on studies in some regions (America and Africa) and cross-sectional studies showed a reduced choroidal thickness in smokers. No publication bias was detected in this study. Conclusion In conclusion, no significant effect of tobacco smoking on retinal or choroidal thickness change was detected. However, smoking would influence the thickness of RNFL and GCL. Future research on this field would help in the prevention and treatment of smoking-associated disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yang

Huang

Yao

2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Cigarette smoking may cause retinal functional changes. El‐Shazly et al2018 reported that Ring 1 P1 amplitude was significantly lower in active smokers than passive smokers and longer in active smokers, compared to those of passive smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette smoking reduces deep retinal vascular density

Doğan

Akdogan

Gulyesil

et al. 2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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The purpose of this study was to report the effects of smoking on retinal vascular parameters. Methods: In this cross-sectional study design, 24 smokers were included as a study group and 26 age-and sex-matched non-smokers as a control group. A detailed ophthalmic examination including review of medical history, visual acuity testing, intraocular pressure measurement by Goldmann applanation tonometry, ocular movement and pupillary reflex examination, slitlamp biomicroscopy as well as dilated funduscopic examination were undertaken in all participants. Participants underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) scanning with RTVue XR Avanti AngioVue OCT-A (Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA) as well as the measurement of axial length using an AL Scan (Nidek Co., Ltd., Gamagori, Japan). Results: The study comprised of 18 men and six women with a mean age of 28.1 AE 4.8 years in the study group and 19 men and seven women with a mean age of 27.4 AE 2.7 years in the control group. The mean exposure to cigarette smoking was 3.3 AE 1.0 pack-years. Total vascular density, parafoveal vascular density and perifoveal vascular density in the deep capillary plexus observed with OCT-A were significantly lower in the smoking group compared to the control group (p = 0.02, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: Retinal vascular changes caused by cigarette smoking may occur even at low pack-year exposure. These changes, which can be demonstrated by OCT-A, may reflect the early impact of cigarette smoking on the microvascular system.

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“…Progressive retinal changes caused by tobacco have been widely demonstrated. Smokers were shown to have a significant decrease of the peripapillary RNFL [23], foveal thickness [24], the ganglion cell complex [25], and a significant decrease in the blood flow index of the choriocapillary plexus in the macular area [26]. In order to avoid any bias caused by the smoking habit, we carefully analyzed our samples and ascertained that the number of smokers was not significantly different between the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ability of swept source OCT to detect retinal changes in patients with bipolar disorder

Polo

Satué

Gavin

et al. 2018

Eye

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Purpose To evaluate the ability of swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) to detect retinal changes in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Methods Twenty-three patients with BD and 23 controls underwent retinal evaluation using SS deep range imaging (DRI) Triton OCT. Full retinal thickness, the ganglion cell layer (GCL), the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and choroidal thickness were evaluated with automated segmentation software. Results Patients with BD were shown to have significant thinning of the macular full retinal thickness in the center (p = 0.049), inner temporal (p = 0.045), inner nasal (p = 0.016), and inner inferior (p = 0.016) of the ETDRS areas. The macular GCL layer was reduced in patients compared with controls (average, p = 0.002; superior, p = 0.009; superonasal, p = 0.009; inferonasal, p = 0.003; and inferior, p = 0.009). Peripapillary reduction of full retinal thickness (average, p < 0.001; superotemporal, p < 0.001; superonasal, p = 0.003; nasal, p = 0.005; and inferotemporal, p = 0.033), GCL (nasal, p = 0.025), and RNFL thickness (average, p = 0.002; superotemporal, p < 0.001; and superonasal, p = 0.045) was observed in patients compared with controls. No significant differences were observed in choroidal thickness measurements. Conclusions BD patients were shown to have quantifiable thinning of full retinal thickness and the GCL in the macular area, as well as a peripapillary reduction of the RNFL and GCL thickness. The analysis of the retinal sublayers with SS-OCT may be a useful indicator to show degeneration and monitor disease progression in bipolar disorder.

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Effect of Smoking on Macular Function and Structure in Active Smokers Versus Passive Smokers

Abstract: In the absence of clinically apparent foveal toxicity, CFT, SFCT together with ring amplitude ratio could be used as good predictors of subclinical nicotine induced foveal changes.

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Retinal and Choroidal Thickness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cigarette smoking reduces deep retinal vascular density

Ability of swept source OCT to detect retinal changes in patients with bipolar disorder

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