Effect of soda-lime glass powder on alkali-activated binders: Rheology, strength and microstructure characterization

Samarakoon, M.H.; Ranjith, P.G.; Silva, V.R.S. De

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118013

Cited by 58 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Elemental analysis of EDS confirmed that hydration products were mainly calcium aluminosilicate hydrate (C–A–S–H) or calcium–sodium aluminosilicate hydrate C–(N)–A–S–H type gels [ 76 ] or even with built-in magnesium near slag grains (point 27 in Figure 20 a).…”

Section: Results With Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicomponent Low Initial Molar Ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 Geopolymer Mortars: Pilot Research

2022

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Alkali-activated binders have the potential to consume various types of waste materials. Low initial molar ratios of SiO2/Al2O3 geopolymer mortars were considered in this article. Here we studied alkali-activated cement paste produced with photovoltaic glass powder in 5%; kaolin clay in 15%; ground granulated blast furnace slag in 30%; alumina-lime cement in 30%; and, interchangeably, fly ash from coal combustion in 5%, fly ash from biomass combustion in 5%, or granulated autoclaved cellular concrete in 5%. The influence of clay dehydroxylation, curing conditions, glass presence, and a kind of waste material was investigated. According to the experimental results, strength (compressive and tensile) gradually increased with increasing time and with the use of calcined clay. Significant improvement in compressive strength was seen with the additional 3 days curing time in 105 °C when non-sintered clay was used. The presence of photovoltaic glass in alkali-activated mortars immobilised mercury and arsenic but released zinc, chromium, and sulphates. The microscopic observations confirmed the greater densification of the microstructure of the binder made of calcined clay due to its greater surface development and dehydroxylation. The binder of non-calcined clay was granular, and the interfacial transitional zone was more porous. The C–A–S–H gel seemed to be the main phase. XRD examination confirmed the presence of C–A–S–H, C–S–H, zeolites, and many other phases in minor amount. The presented research was a pilot study, and its main goal was to develop it further.

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Section: Results With Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicomponent Low Initial Molar Ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 Geopolymer Mortars: Pilot Research

2022

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“…The 3-day compressive strength of the samples with MIBA was around 3 MPa, whereas specimens made with the glass fraction alone presented compressive strengths close to 70 MPa. This increase was due to the use of milled glass only, which increased the amount amorphous material capable of strongly reacting with the alkaline solution [ 132 , 133 ]. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analysis showed that the structural evolution, from the precursor to the gel, presented higher nano-structural connectivity than that of the precursor and that both the amount and polymerization degree of the gel increased with increasing SiO 2 /Na 2 O ratio from 0 to 1.2 [ 88 ].…”

Section: Alkali-activated Materials With Miba As Sole/partial Precmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Alkali-Activated Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash in Mortar and Concrete: A Critical Review

Kurda

2020

Materials

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In the light of one of the most common waste management issues in urban areas, namely the elimination of municipal solid waste (MSW; about 486 kg of the waste per capita were generated in the EU in 2017), this study discusses one technique as an outlet in the construction industry for the by-product of the waste’s incineration in energy recovery facilities (i.e., MSW incinerator bottom ash—MIBA). There have been some investigations on the use of MIBA as partial replacement of cement to be used in cementitious composites, such as concrete and mortars. However, the waste’s incorporation ratio is limited since further products of hydration may not be produced after a given replacement level and can lead to an unsustainable decline in performance. In order to maximize the incorporation of MIBA, some research studies have been conducted on the alkali activation of the waste as precursor. Thus, this study presents an extensive literature review of the most relevant investigations on the matter to understand the material’s applicability in construction. It analyses the performance of the alkali-activated MIBA as paste, mortar, and concrete from different perspectives. This literature review was made using search engines of several databases. In each database, the same search options were repeated using combinations of various representative keywords. Furthermore, several boundaries were made to find the most relevant studies for further inspection. The main findings of this review have shown that the chemical composition and reactivity of MIBA vary considerably, which may compromise performance comparison, standardization and commercialization. There are several factors that affect the performance of the material that need to be considered, e.g., type and content of precursor, alkaline activator, curing temperature and time, liquid to solid ratio, among others. MIBA-based alkali-activated materials (AAM) can be produced with a very wide range of compressive strength (0.3–160 MPa). The main factor affecting the performance of this precursor is the existence of metallic aluminum (Al), which leads to damaging expansive reactions and an increase in porosity due to hydrogen gas generation stemming from the reaction with the alkaline activator. Several approaches have been proposed to eliminate this issue. The most effective solution was found to be the removal of Al by means of eddy current electromagnetic separation.

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“…Novais et al 35 used WG as a replacement for MK up to 50% and studied the influence of replacement level, NaOH molarity, as well as curing conditions on mechanical and microstructural properties of geopolymers. In a study conducted by Samarakoon et al, 36 up to 30% of FA was replaced by WG, and the samples were activated by NaOH. The effect of different parameters, such as curing conditions, the concentration of NaOH solution, and the solid/liquid ratio was explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste glass as a precursor in alkali‐activated materials: Mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties

Mobasheri

Mirvalad

Javid

et al. 2022

Structural Concrete

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The long-term characteristics and durability of alkali-activated mortars based on waste glass are crucial to better understand their performance in aggressive environments. In this regard, the performance of waste glass as a building material and its characteristics such as mechanical (compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths), durability (chloride migration coefficient, sulfate resistance, and drying shrinkage), and microstructural properties [x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM/EDX)] were evaluated. For this purpose, the specimens with different amounts of silica modulus and Na 2 O content were prepared. The specimens were cured at 95 C for 20 h and then kept at a relative humidity of 50% at room temperature until testing. The specimen with 10% Na 2 O and a silica modulus of 1.5 demonstrated the highest compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths. The specimens illustrated a lower chloride migration coefficient and lower expansion than the Portland cement one. By increasing both silica modulus and Na 2 O contents, the drying shrinkage of the specimens increased due to the presence of more free water. The microstructural results indicated that amorphous gels such as sodium aluminum silicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) and sodium (calcium) silicate aluminum hydrate [N-(C)-A-S-H] were formed. The results of this study signify the utilization possibility of waste glass as an eco-friendly material with desirable characteristics. K E Y W O R D Salkali-activated waste glass, drying shrinkage, embodied CO 2 , mechanical characteristic, microstructural properties

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Effect of soda-lime glass powder on alkali-activated binders: Rheology, strength and microstructure characterization

Cited by 58 publications

References 46 publications

Multicomponent Low Initial Molar Ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 Geopolymer Mortars: Pilot Research

Multicomponent Low Initial Molar Ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 Geopolymer Mortars: Pilot Research

Incorporation of Alkali-Activated Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash in Mortar and Concrete: A Critical Review

Waste glass as a precursor in alkali‐activated materials: Mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties

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