Effect of sodium fluoride on the virulence factors and composition of Streptococcus mutans biofilms

Pandit, Santosh; Kim, Jeongeun; Jung, Kyung‐Hwan; Chang, Kee-Wan; Jeon, Jongho

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.12.012

Cited by 68 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…tt-Farnesol and fluoride can increase proton permeability and affect the ⌬pH across the membrane of S. mutans (20,47); we have collected additional data that indicate CT treatment induces a global change in the membrane fatty acid profiles of S. mutans (see Table S5 in the supplemental material). Shifts in the fatty acids profiles can affect the function of F-ATPase and the overall permeability of the membrane, altering the ability of S. mutans to maintain intracellular ⌬pH, greatly impairing acid tolerance (19,47,48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, additional studies are needed to determine the effects of CT on other species present in plaque biofilms. Fluoride does of course help to reduce demineralization and subsequently enhance remineralization (8,47,48,57), which should complement the microbiological effects of CT. Whether CT actually enhances the bioavailability of fluoride remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LrgA is a membrane-associated protein related to the bacteriophage holin/antiholin family (49) and has been implicated in cell lysis and genomic DNA release in Staphylococcus aureus (51), while the fab genes have established roles in fatty acid synthesis and membrane remodeling in S. mutans (48). tt-Farnesol and fluoride can increase proton permeability and affect the ⌬pH across the membrane of S. mutans (20,47); we have collected additional data that indicate CT treatment induces a global change in the membrane fatty acid profiles of S. mutans (see Table S5 in the supplemental material). Shifts in the fatty acids profiles can affect the function of F-ATPase and the overall permeability of the membrane, altering the ability of S. mutans to maintain intracellular ⌬pH, greatly impairing acid tolerance (19,47,48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Antibiofilm Chemotherapy Targets Exopolysaccharide Synthesis and Stress Tolerance in Streptococcus mutans To Modulate Virulence Expression In Vivo

Falsetta

Klein

Lemos

et al. 2012

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Fluoride is the mainstay of dental caries prevention, and yet current applications offer incomplete protection and may not effectively address the infectious character of the disease. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel combination therapy (CT; 2 mM myricetin, 4 mM tt-farnesol, 250 ppm of fluoride) that supplements fluoride with naturally occurring, food-derived, antibiofilm compounds. Treatment regimens simulating those experienced clinically (twice daily for <60 s) were used both in vitro over a saliva-coated hydroxyapatite biofilm model and in vivo with a rodent model of dental caries. The effectiveness of CT was evaluated based on the incidence and severity of carious lesions (compared to fluoride or vehicle control). We found that CT was superior to fluoride (positive control, P < 0.05); topical applications dramatically reduced caries development in SpragueDawley rats, all without altering the Streptococcus mutans or total populations within the plaque. We subsequently identified the underlying mechanisms through which applications of CT modulate biofilm virulence. CT targets expression of key Streptococcus mutans genes during biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. These are associated with exopolysaccharide matrix synthesis (gtfB) and the ability to tolerate exogenous stress (e.g., sloA), which are essential for cariogenic biofilm assembly. We also identified a unique gene (SMU.940) that was severely repressed and may represent a potentially novel target; its inactivation disrupted exopolysaccharide accumulation and matrix development. Altogether, CT may be clinically more effective than current anticaries modalities, targeting expression of bacterial virulence associated with pathogenesis of the disease. These observations may have relevance for development of enhanced therapies against other biofilm-dependent infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Antibiofilm Chemotherapy Targets Exopolysaccharide Synthesis and Stress Tolerance in Streptococcus mutans To Modulate Virulence Expression In Vivo

Falsetta

Klein

Lemos

et al. 2012

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…For instance, fluoride can inhibit the acid production and acid tolerance of cariogenic bacteria such as S. mutans in planktonic state [Eisenberg et al, 1991]. Furthermore, fluoride can also affect acid production, acid tolerance and GTF secretion of S. mutans in biofilms [Hayacibara et al, 2003;Pandit et al, 2011], indicating that it could reduce dental caries by decreasing the virulence of cariogenic biofilms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship between Fluoride Concentration and Activity against Virulence Factors and Viability of a Cariogenic Biofilm: in vitro Study

et al. 2013

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Despite widespread use of various concentrations of fluoride for the prevention of dental caries, the relationship between fluoride concentration and activity against cariogenic biofilms has not been much studied. Herein we investigated the relationship between fluoride concentration and activity against virulence factors and viability of Streptococcus mutans biofilms. S. mutans biofilms were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs. The 70-hour-old biofilms were exposed to 0, 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1,000 or 2,000 ppm F^-. The changes of virulence factors and viability of the biofilms were analyzed using biochemical methods and laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. At 1-2,000 ppm F^-, the activity of fluoride against acid production, acid tolerance, and extracellular polysaccharide formation of S. mutans biofilms accurately followed a sigmoidal pattern of concentration dependence (R² = 0.94-0.99), with EC₅₀ values ranging from 3.07 to 24.7 ppm F^-. Generally, the activity of fluoride against the virulence factors was concentration-dependently augmented in 10-100 ppm F^- and did not increase further at concentrations higher than 100 ppm F^-. However, fluoride did not alter glucosyltransferase activity and viability of S. mutans biofilm cells in all concentrations tested. These results can provide a basis for the selection of appropriate fluoride concentrations that reduce the physiological ability of cariogenic biofilms.

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“…The acid production and acid tolerance of the bacterium also serve as virulence factors because both the acid end products formed during the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates and the ability of bacteria to withstand acidification in dental biofilms are essential for the development of dental caries [18,19]. Thus, we also examined the inhibitory effect of the HFr, EFr, and CFr on the production of acids by S. mutans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudo do efeito in vitro de extratos do rizoma de Dorstenia asaroides Hook. sobre fatores cariogênicos de Streptococcus mutans

D'Angelis¹

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Effect of sodium fluoride on the virulence factors and composition of Streptococcus mutans biofilms

Cited by 68 publications

References 32 publications

Novel Antibiofilm Chemotherapy Targets Exopolysaccharide Synthesis and Stress Tolerance in Streptococcus mutans To Modulate Virulence Expression In Vivo

Novel Antibiofilm Chemotherapy Targets Exopolysaccharide Synthesis and Stress Tolerance in Streptococcus mutans To Modulate Virulence Expression In Vivo

Relationship between Fluoride Concentration and Activity against Virulence Factors and Viability of a Cariogenic Biofilm: in vitro Study

Estudo do efeito in vitro de extratos do rizoma de Dorstenia asaroides Hook. sobre fatores cariogênicos de Streptococcus mutans

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