Effect of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors on Lipid Levels in Newly Diagnosed Hypertensive Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to examine the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) on lipid levels at 12 weeks of follow-up in newly diagnosed hypertensive (NDHT) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methodsː This retrospective study, 236 NDHT patients with T2DM were included. The SGLT-2i group consisted of patients who received SGLT-2i (empagliflozin or dapagliflozin) in addition to stable triple combination treatment. The control group was selected over NDHT patients with T2DM who did not receive SGLT-2i and matched with the SGLT-2i group in terms of baseline risk factors by propensity score. The laboratory findings of the patients were compared retrospectively at the time of diagnosis of NDHT (baseline) and at 12-month followup. Resultsː The decrease in fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1C levels was higher in the SGLT-2i group than control group. Although both groups received similar antihypertensive therapy, the improvement in lipid profile was higher in the SGLT-2i group. Glycemic control and side effects were similar in empagliflozin and dapagliflozin groups. However, greater improvement in lipid profiles was detected in dapagliflozin users. Conclusionsː In NDHT patients with T2DM, the addition of SGLT2i to treatment management in cases where glycemic control is not achieved is associated with more improvement of the lipid profile without significant side effects. However, the effects of various SGLT2i agents on this improvement may be different.