Effect of Sodium Thiosulfate on the Kinetics of Electron–Ion Processes in Powdered Silver Chloride

Rabenok, E. V.; Новиков, Г. Ф.; Golovanov, B. I.; Tikhonina, N. A.

doi:10.1023/b:hiec.0000035415.20447.83

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“…However, published data on this issue are strongly conflicting. The depth range of traps formed in AgCl by treatment with sodium thiosulfate solutions was estimated by microwave photoconductivity measurements at 0.45 < E t < 0.63 eV [26]. The photoresponse decay was found to consist of two (fast and slow) exponential components.…”

Section: Trap Depths In Powdered Silver Bromide and Silver Chloride mentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of elementary steps of the photolysis of silver halides by the method of microwave photoconductivity

2005

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1 Revealing the mechanism of formation of silver clusters is one of the most important problems in the study of silver halides. In the first stage of these investigations, the necessity to improve the classic silver halide photographic process provoked the interest to this problem. In the last decade, silver halides have shown good prospects for use as passive and active laser media for intermediate IR range.The significant progress in understanding of the mechanism of formation of nonhalide silver clusters, the latent image (LI) centers in AgHal grains of photographic emulsions was achieved as a result of use of continuous and quasi-continuous photographic (sensitometric) and luminescent techniques. The results obtained stimulated the appearance of a number of phenomenological theories, which formed reasonably illustrative concepts of the nature and basic features of the formation of photographic sensitivity of silver halide emulsions, the nature of LI centers, and other key elements of the classical photographic process [1,2]. As a result of these investigations, the convincing evidence was obtained that the LI center is a lowatomic cluster [3,4].However, despite a wealth of scientific publications and achievements of technologists in designing photographic materials used in practice, the detailed physicochemical mechanisms of the main stages of photographic processes still remain unclear. Moreover, it has been found that the suggested phenomenological theo-1 E-mail: novikov@icp.ac.ru ries disagree with one other in many cases, and the lack of quantitative data on quite a variety of elementary processes involving charged species in silver halide grains makes it difficult to either accept or reject the basic assumptions of various theories [5].The major part of scarce quantitative data on the key steps of the formation of nonhalide silver clusters in AgHal grains under the action of light was obtained in the last two decades with the use of kinetic methods. These are the data on electron and vacancy mobility in grains, on the rate constants (cross sections) of their reactions, on the depths of electron and hole traps, and some other data. Assuming that the LI center is lowatomic and concentration is a successive process, we can roughly estimate the amount of necessary rate constants of elementary reactions at fifteen-twenty. As will be clear from further consideration, less than ten are known at present. Approximately the same estimate follows from the analysis of possible mechanisms responsible for the degradation properties of AgHal light guides, in which nonhalide silver clusters are also believed [6] to play an important role.Among the most direct methods that are equally suitable for studies on both micro-and macroscale, the technique of microwave photoconductivity takes a special place [7][8][9]. This is due to a small drift displacement of charge carriers (smaller than the characteristic sizes of samples) under the action of high-frequency fields used (a typical power of generators is <30 mW).In this pape...

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Section: Trap Depths In Powdered Silver Bromide and Silver Chloride mentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of elementary steps of the photolysis of silver halides by the method of microwave photoconductivity

2005

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Effect of Sodium Thiosulfate on the Kinetics of Electron–Ion Processes in Powdered Silver Chloride

Cited by 1 publication

References 1 publication

The study of elementary steps of the photolysis of silver halides by the method of microwave photoconductivity

The study of elementary steps of the photolysis of silver halides by the method of microwave photoconductivity

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