Effect of Soil Surface Submergence and a Water Table on Vegetative Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Corn

Ahmad, Niaz; Kanwar, Rameshwar S.; Kaspar, T. C.; Bailey, T. B.

doi:10.13031/2013.28716

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Morgan et al (1980) used the ratio of available soil moisture to available soil moisture at field capacity in the soil profile as an indication of soil moisture stress. In the case of a shallow water table, crop wet stress (water stress under wet conditions) was quantified by summation of days when the water table is within the top 30 cm of the soil profile (Ahmad et al, 1992;Evans et al, 1991).…”

Section: The Plant As a Hydraulic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans‐Disciplinary Soil Physics Research Critical to Synthesis and Modeling of Agricultural Systems

Ahuja

Timlin

2006

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Synthesis and quantification of disciplinary knowledge at the whole system level, via the process models of agricultural systems, are critical to achieving improved and dynamic management and production systems that address the environmental concerns and global issues of the 21st century. Soil physicists have made significant contributions in this area in the past, and are uniquely capable of making the muchneeded and exciting new contributions. Most of the exciting new research opportunities are trans-disciplinary, that is, lie on the interfacial boundaries of soil physics and other disciplines, especially in quantifying interactions among soil physical processes, plant and atmospheric processes, and agricultural management practices. Some important knowledge-gap and cutting-edge areas of such research are: (1) quantification and modeling the effects of various management practices (e.g., tillage, no-tillage, crop residues, and rooting patterns) on soil properties and soil-plant-atmosphere processes; (2) the dynamics of soil structure, especially soil cracks and biochannels, and their effects on surface runoff of water and mass, and preferential water and chemical transport to subsurface waters; (3) biophysics of changes in properties and processes at the soil-plant and plant-atmosphere interfaces; (4) modeling contributions of agricultural soils to climate change and effects of climate change on soil environment and agriculture; and (5) physical (cause-effect) quantification of spatial variability of soil properties and their outcomes, new methods of parameterizing a variable field for field-scale modeling, and new innovative methods of aggregating output results from plots to fields to larger scales. The current status of the various aspects of these research areas is reviewed briefly. The future challenges are identified that will require both experimental research and development of new concepts, theories, and models.

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Section: The Plant As a Hydraulic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans‐Disciplinary Soil Physics Research Critical to Synthesis and Modeling of Agricultural Systems

Ahuja

Timlin

2006

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…: +1 515 294 3336; fax: +1 515 294 8125; e-mail: DKarlen@NSTL.Gov perspective, however, the lack of arti®cial drainage may cause more immediate and measurable losses to persons managing some agricultural soils. These losses occur because of poor growing conditions that result in crop damage, with reduced yields in moderately wet years or total crop failure in very wet years (Kanwar et al, 1983;Ahmad et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage system effects on 15-year carbon-based and simulated N budgets in a tile-drained Iowa field

Karlen¹

1998

Soil and Tillage Research

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Tillage influences N fate and transport by changing soil structure, aeration, macropore continuity, plantresidue placement, and organic-matter mineralization rates. Our objective was to use 15-year N budgets to compare four primary tillage treatments for continuous corn (Zea mays L.) production on tile-drained Aquic Hapludolls (FAO: Haplic Phaeozems) in northeastern Iowa, USA. A carbon-based N budget used annual grain yield, grain-N concentrations measured in 1992, changes in surface-soil C content between 1977 and 1988 or 1992, surface-soil C : N ratios, and measurements of NO 3 -N lost in tile-drainage water. It accounted for 98, 104, 99, and 99% of the fertilizer N applied to moldboard-, chisel-, ridge-, and no-tillage-treatments, respectively. Averaged for 1977 through 1992, increased soil organic matter, harvested grain, and tile drainage accounted for ≈42, 45, and 13% of the N budget, respectively. Simulated N budgets were computed using version 3.25 of the root-zone water quality model (RZWQM). The best grain-yield predictions for 13 of the 15 years were 9% higher than the measured values, and if extreme outliers were eliminated, the predicted values were correlated (r 2 =0.75) with the average measured yield for the four tillage treatments. Simulations for 1988 and 1989 failed completely because RZWQM could not accurately describe hydrology associated with low rainfall seasons. Predicted total N accumulation was much higher than measured in 1990, 1991, or 1992. Estimates of profile NO 3 -N, mineralization, seepage loss, and denitrification were not satisfactory, presumably because the model failed to simulate an accurate hydrology for the different tillage practices. We conclude that the simulation results were not suitable for predicting the fate of fertilizer N. However, both approaches for computing N budgets suggested that adopting ridge tillage, without changing N rates and other management practices related to N application technology and crop sequencing, will not reduce the potential for off-site water quality degradation. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. AbstractTillage in¯uences N fate and transport by changing soil structure, aeration, macropore continuity, plant-residue placement, and organic-matter mineralization rates. Our objective was to use 15-year N budgets to compare four primary tillage treatments for continuous corn (Zea mays L.) production on tile-drained Aquic Hapludolls (FAO: Haplic Phaeozems) in northeastern Iowa, USA. A carbon-based N budget used annual grain yield, grain-N concentrations measured in 1992, changes in surface-soil C content between 1977 and 1988 or 1992, surface-soil C : N ratios, and measurements of NO 3 ±N lost in tile-drainage water. It accounted for 98, 104, 99, and 99% of the fertilizer N applied to moldboard-, chisel-, ridge-, and no-tillage-treatments, respectively. Averaged for 1977 through 1992, increased...

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Waterlogging

Gupta¹

2004

Water Encyclopedia

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In its simplest form, waterlogging connotes congestion of drainage whether surface or subsurface. According to Webster's dictionary, waterlogging has been defined as follows: to saturate with water, as to waterlog soil by allowing stagnant water to stand on it; waterlogged, rendered soggy and unfit to till by water in excess of soil. Clayton has defined a land as waterlogged when the water table is within ±150 cm of the natural surface. A definition adopted in 1925 by the state of Punjab (India) designated land as waterlogged if it is thrown permanently out of cultivation due to a rise in subsoil water and is recorded as banjar (barren) in the revenue records.

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Effect of Soil Surface Submergence and a Water Table on Vegetative Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Corn

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Trans‐Disciplinary Soil Physics Research Critical to Synthesis and Modeling of Agricultural Systems

Trans‐Disciplinary Soil Physics Research Critical to Synthesis and Modeling of Agricultural Systems

Tillage system effects on 15-year carbon-based and simulated N budgets in a tile-drained Iowa field

Waterlogging

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