Effect of soil water potential on growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

Sionit, Nasser; Ghorashy, S. R.; Kheradnam, M.

doi:10.1017/s002185960005838x

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Sunflower Is an Important oilseed crop which is highly sensitive to both water deficits and excesses (7,8,9,20,23,24) and acid soils (1,2,4,5,6,13,25). Screening experiments conducted since the early 1900's have demonstrated that genotypes differ widely in their sensitivity to Al toxicity (2,10,11,15,20,26,27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral element concentration of six sunflower cultivars in relation to water deficit and aluminum toxicity

Krizek

Foy

1988

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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The separate and combined effects of water and Al stress on concentrations of Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Al, Cu, Mn, and Zn were determined in leaves of six sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars grown In an acid, Al-toxic, Tatum subsoil (clayey, mixed, thermic, Typic Hapludult). Plants were grown 4 weeks in a plant growth chamber at high (pH 4.3) or low (pH 6.3) Al stress.During the last 2 weeks they were also subjected to low (-20 to -40 kPa) or high (-60 to -80 kPa) water stress. Overall, Al stress had a greater effect on mineral concentration than water stress. When data from all water stress treatments were combined Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. 409Journal of Plant Nutrition 1988.11:409-422. 410 KRIZEK AND FOY and all six cultlvars were considered as a group, Al stress decreased concentrations of Ca, Mg, and Fe and Increased concentrations of K, Al, Cu, Mn, and Zn. When data from all Al stress treatments were combined for the six cultlvars, water stress decreased concentrations of Fe, Al, and Cu and increased concentration of Zn. Water stress alone had no effect on concentrations of Ca, K, Mg, or Mn. The effects of Al stress or water stress on mineral element concentration varied depending upon the cultivar. These findings demonstrate the differences in cultivar sensitivity to Al toxicity and water stress within the cultivated species of sunflower and the synerglstic effects of these two stresses. Thus, both stress factors must be considered in developing sunflower cultivars for adaptation to acid soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral element concentration of six sunflower cultivars in relation to water deficit and aluminum toxicity

Krizek

Foy

1988

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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“…The many hybrids that have been produced should not be assumed to have the same response to agronomic and environmental variables. Yet many of the research studies on the agronomic aspects of oilseed sunflower production have not included cultivar as a variable (Hussein et al, 1980;Lopez, 1972;Miller and Roath, 1982;Robinson et al, 1976;Robinson et al, 1980;Sionit et al, 1973;Talha and Osman, 1975;Unger, 1980;Vijayalakshmi et al, 1975;Zubriski and Zimmerman, 1974).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Few previous reports have given the response of sunflower to soil water potential (Prunty, 1981;Sionit et al, 1973;Talha and Osman, 1975). Soil water potential is, however, the best single measure of soil water determining plant response (Taylor et al, 1961 ).…”

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Soil Water and Population Influence on Hybrid Sunflower Yield and Uniformity of Stand¹

Prunty¹

1983

Agronomy Journal

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Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids do not respond identically to agronomic and environmental variables. The present study was conducted to quantify the influence of soil water potential and plant population on oilseed sunflower hybrids ‘Dahlgren 704’, ‘USDA 894’, and ‘Interstate 907’. Desire to refine knowledge of yield relationships was one motivation for the study, but a deeper stimulus was the need for basic knowledge of the detailed nature of sunflower stands. Hybrids were planted at four populations at two North Dakota sites in 1980. One site had Maddock (sandy, mixed Udorthentic Haploboroll) and Gardena (coarse‐silty, mixed pachic Udic Haploboroll) soils. This location received irrigation treatments limiting soil water potentials to minimums of ‐35, ‐70, and ‐105 J kg‐−1. The second site had Bearden (fine‐silty, frigid Aeric Calciaquoll) soil and was not irrigated. Yield increased with soil water potential from 201 g m−2 at – 105 J kg−11 to 284 g m−2 at ‐35 J kg−1. Dryland yields were 200, 179, and 164 g m−21 for hybrids 894,704, and 907. Population did not influence yields. However, irrigated and nonirrigated stand loss percentages increased with population at 0.8 and 2.2% per plant per square metre, respectively. Knowledge of the threshold population for stand loss provides a rationale for selection of population in the absence of yield differences because significant stand loss indicates a possibly undesirable level of intraspecific competition. Guidelines for irrigation scheduling for sunflower by use of tensiometers are now on a sounder experimental basis. Hybrids similar under irrigation yielded differently under dryland conditions.

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“…Sunflower is no exception to this rule (16). Sionit et aL (13) evaluated the response of sunflower (cultivar 'Record') to soil water potential when the plants were grown in pots outdoors. They found, as would be expected, that yield dropped as soil water potential decreased.…”

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Sunflower Cultivar Performance as Influenced by Soil Water and Plant Population¹

Prunty¹

1981

Agronomy Journal

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Information on the yield performance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as related to a range of soil water potential in the near‐optimum range has not previously been reported. Previous studies of sunflower plant population density effects on yield have lacked agreement. In this study three sunflower cultivars (‘Peredovic’, ‘894’, and ‘Northrup King 212’) were tested for response to soil water potential at Oakes, North Dakota and for response to population density at Carrington, North Dakota (irrigated) and Fargo, North Dakota (dryland). Yield was higher if the soil water potential in the root zone, as measured by commercial tensiometers, was limited to values of ‐20 cbar and ‐40 cbar and was lowered if the root zone water potential was allowed to drop to ‐75 cbar. There was no significant difference in seed yield between populations at thinning of 49,400, 59,300, and 69,200 plants/ha. A comparison of harvest methods at Oakes indicated that a number‐of‐heads harvest method increased yield estimates by 20% compared to an area harvest method. This comparison also showed that the harvest method used did make a significant difference in yield results obtained from the water potential experiment. It is hypothesized that harvest method may have influenced previous sunflower population density experiments similarly.

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Effect of soil water potential on growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Mineral element concentration of six sunflower cultivars in relation to water deficit and aluminum toxicity

Mineral element concentration of six sunflower cultivars in relation to water deficit and aluminum toxicity

Soil Water and Population Influence on Hybrid Sunflower Yield and Uniformity of Stand¹

Sunflower Cultivar Performance as Influenced by Soil Water and Plant Population¹

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Effect of soil water potential on growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus)

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Mineral element concentration of six sunflower cultivars in relation to water deficit and aluminum toxicity

Mineral element concentration of six sunflower cultivars in relation to water deficit and aluminum toxicity

Soil Water and Population Influence on Hybrid Sunflower Yield and Uniformity of Stand1

Sunflower Cultivar Performance as Influenced by Soil Water and Plant Population1

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Soil Water and Population Influence on Hybrid Sunflower Yield and Uniformity of Stand¹

Sunflower Cultivar Performance as Influenced by Soil Water and Plant Population¹