Effect of Soilless Media with Alternate Wetting-Drying (AWD) as Basic Irrigation on the Growth of Two Varieties of Rice

Abstract

The decreasing area of agricultural land and declining water sources are forcing rice farmers to adopt various farming technology. Soil-less farming and alternate wetting-drying (AWD) irrigation can alternatively fix the problems (water substitutes soil as a proper growing media, while in AWD irrigation systems water can be saved), especially in the urban area. This study aimed to observe the growth of two rice varieties grown under soil-less media with AWD irrigation systems. The study was conducted in Sumberjeruk village, Jember city of Indonesia, from June-September 2021. A completely randomized design (CRD) within two factors and three replications was used in the experiment. The first factor was growing media, namely control (soil) + non AWD, water media + rice husk + non AWD, water media + non AWD, and water media + 1 day (once) AWD. The second factor was rice variety specifically Mapan 05 and Ciherang. The result showed that water media + rice husk gave the highest performance at plant height (73,88 cm), the number of the stem (35,25 stems), and the number of leaves (108,92 leaves). Moreover, there was a significant difference in stem diameter number between Mapan 05 and Ciherang (6,95 mm and 5,80 mm respectively).

Effect of Water and Rice Husk Ratio in Water-Based Planting Medium on Growth of Three Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.)

“…The results showed that the root length on soilless media with the addition of rice husks had shorter root lengths than non-rice husk soilless media. Some of the nutrients in soilless media are attached to rice husks so that shorter rice roots can reach nutrients without the need for longer elongation [28]. Table 4 shows that the highest plant height was found in the Mapan 05 variety, which was 93.94 cm.…”

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Padi Fungsional Terhadap Penambahan Sekam Dalam Budidaya Soilless

“…Salah satu metode budidaya yang dapat menyuplai nutrisi secara langsung dan terukur adalah metode budidaya soilless. Pada metode budidaya ini media air dimanfaatkan sebagai pengganti tanah sebagai tempat tumbuh akar (Damanhuri et al, 2022). Metode soilless dapat diterapkan pada lahan yang terbatas dan tidak subur sehingga tergolong dalam urban farming karena dapat menyuplai kebutuhan pangan dalam skala kecil atau biasa disebut pertanian subsisten.…”

Respons Tanaman Padi Pada Media Tanam Tanpa-Tanah Berbasis Irigasi Berselang

“…Penerapan irigasi awd di lahan sawah yang dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi bahan organik 3 ton/ha mampu menghasilkan rerata hasil gabah kering giling lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada penerapan irigasi continuous flooding (Yulianto et al 2020). Pada media tanpa-tanah, penggunaan air dan sekam yang dikombinasikan dengan irigasi awd mampu memberikan hasil tertinggi pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, dan jumlah daun (Damanhuri et al 2022).…”

“…Selain itu, kelebihan yang dimiliki sekam berupa kemampuan mengikat air cukup baik dapat membantu nutrisi tersedia secara perlahan sehingga kebutuhan nutrisi dapat tercukupi selama fase vegetatif hingga fase generatif tanaman padi. Pendapat tersebut didukung oleh Damanhuri et al (2022), yakni sekam yang dikombinasikan bersama air dapat berperan dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara dengan cara menyimpan unsur hara hingga menjadi lepas-lambat (slow release).…”