Effect of solvent on debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether by Ni/Fe nanoparticles and nano zero-valent iron particles

Abstract

Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and its modified nanomaterials are widely used in the degradation of some halogenated organic pollutants. In this study, we explored the effects of different proportions of tetrahydrofuran (THF) (50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 %) on the degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) by Ni/Fe and nZVI nanoparticles with reference to the degradation kinetics, products, and pathway. The results illustrated that the effects of solvent on the degradation of BDE209 were similar when the two kinds of nanomaterials were used, although the Ni/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles exhibited a better catalytic activity compared with the pure nZVI during the degradation of BDE209. The apparent reaction rate constant (k ) increased with the proportion of the water in the system, enhancing the degradation of BDE209. In terms of degradation products, a high proportion of THF led to an accumulation of higher-brominated BDEs, inhibiting the further debromination of BDE209. The inhibitory effect of the solvent (THF) can be explained that water played a role of hydrogen donor during the reductive degradation of BDE209 in the THF/water system. However, the proportion of THF in the degradation system posed no effect on the BDE209 debromination pathway and debromination location. The difficulty of para-debromination was observed in all of the solvent systems.

Synthesis and Application of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles in Water Treatment, Environmental Remediation, Catalysis, and Their Biological Effects

“…A 100% removal efficiency and 80% degradation efficiency of decabromodiphenyl ether was achieved by the composite accompanied with ultrasound. Tan et al investigated the solvent effect and the kinetics of the degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether in mixed water/THF solvent [92]. THF inhibited the degradation, which is related to the observation that water played a role as hydrogen donor during the reductive degradation.…”

Green Synthesis of Size-Tunable Iron Oxides and Iron Nanoparticles in a Salt Matrix

“…Metal and alloy nanoparticle science and technology play very important role in various modern scientific fields. − Nanoparticles (NPs) of Fe, its alloys, and oxides receive great interest for use as magnetic materials, − battery anode materials, and catalysts, − as well as for biomedical − and water treatments. − Monodispersed Fe NPs have been synthesized by thermal decomposition of Fe­(CO) x , a toxic agent, in the presence of capping agents in organic solvents. ,− The particle size can be varied and well controlled with varying the stabilizing agents, the type of solvents, and other synthesis parameters. Iron carbonyl complexes have been also used in physical methods for synthesis of Fe NPs. , Toward a greener synthesis in an aqueous solvent, hydrothermal synthesis, reduction of Fe salts by NaBH 4 , , or more environmentally friendly leaf-extract compounds ,− as the reducing agents were used to produce Fe NPs.…”