Effect of Some Plant Extracts and Essential Oils on Faba Bean Wilt Caused by Fusarium Oxysporum F.SP. Fabae

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. fabae (FOF) the causal organism of faba been wilt were the most frequently isolated fungi from Menouf, Sadat City, El-Bagour, Quesna, Tala and Shebin El-kom, localities of Menoufia governorate. pathogenicity test experiment proved that the most aggressive isolate of Fusarium oxysporium f.sp. fabae (FOF1) was achieved from Menouf district. Three faba bean lines; i.e Australia, Balady and English were evaluated against the most virulent isolate under greenhouse conditions. In this study, six plant extracts were used (Mint, Clove, Cactus, Cinnamon and, Camphor) in concentrations 5, 10 and 15 %), and six essential oils (Clove, Cinnamon, Garlic, Thyme and, Sesame) in concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 %) These plant extracts and essential oils were tested on the inhibition, growth, and sporulation of (FOF). Both under laboratory and green house conditions. pathogenicity test experiments proved that the most aggressive isolate of (FOF) was that achieved from Menouf district (FOF1). Under laboratory conditions plant water extracts and plant essential oils individually reduced the average linear growth of (FOF) and spore production. Clove and cinnamon plant extracts showed the best efficiency. While Cinnamon essential oil gave best effect even at lowest concentration. However, under green house and artificially soil infestation conditions, the application of either plant extracts and plant essential oils decreased the disease incidence, improved faba bean plant growth and reduced the spore population in the soil; significantly.