Effect of source and dose of probiotics and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) on intake, feed efficiency, and growth of male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves

Malik, R. S.; Srinivas, B.

doi:10.1007/s11250-010-9559-5

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Feed intake was not affected (p<0.05) by enzyme supplementation but caused a significant (p<0.05) increase in average daily gain, total body weight gain, feed conversion as (kg DM/kg gain) and (kg TDN/kg gain) and Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) ( Table 2). Malik and Bandla (2010) evaluated the optimum doses of enzymes and probiotics, selected through in vitro experiments on male buffalo calves' performance. Calves exhibited higher ADG and feed efficiency when fed with mixture of probiotics and enzyme.…”

Section: Sheepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Enzymes in Ruminant Nutrition: A Review

Sujani¹,

Seresinhe²

2015

Asian J. of Animal Sciences

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The concept of supplementation of ruminant diets with exogenous enzymes is not new though a considerable research interest on this field has been emerged from 1990s. Availability of wide range of exogenous enzyme products, development of better methods to evaluate enzyme activity, revised knowledge on rumen functions and recent advances of biotechnology which lowers the cost of enzyme production have fuelled the enzyme utilization in ruminant industries. The exogenous enzymes used in ruminant diets can be characterized in to main categories as fibrolytic, amylolytic and proteolytic based on specific substrate on which their enzyme activity can perform. The sources of these exogenous enzymes are mainly four bacterial species, three fungal species and some yeasts. Solid State Fermentation (SSF) and Submerged Fermentation (SmF) are the major methods for enzyme extraction which have combined with several other biotechnological aspects. The enzyme application method can vary in a wide range from applying to forage at harvesting, at ensiling, at feeding and the portion of feed which is mixed with enzyme may also vary from to forage to concentrate to a part of totally mixed rations. Up to date numerous number of researches have been done with ruminants like cattle both dairy and beef, goat, sheep and less with buffalo. The results seems to be inconsistent but positive results on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, other production parameters, manure nutrient excretion etc., have been obtained. Therefore more fine-tuned research efforts are highly suggested for the generalization of exogenous enzyme usage in ruminant nutrition.

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Section: Sheepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Enzymes in Ruminant Nutrition: A Review

Sujani¹,

Seresinhe²

2015

Asian J. of Animal Sciences

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“…By contrast, numerous other studies have shown no benefits to both ruminants and pre-weaned ruminants in response to their feeding with probiotics (Quintero-Gozalez et al 2003;Kumagai et al 2004;Bakhshi et al 2006;Riddell et al 2010). These inconsistent responses to probiotics could be due to the different types of probiotics used (Malik and Bandla 2010) or the animal's rearing conditions. Probiotics could enhance production and health outcomes of both pre-weaned ruminants and older ruminants by acting at the level of the rumen, the intestinal tract and beyond.…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effectiveness of probiotics appears to depend on the type of probiotics used (Malik and Bandla 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of probiotics on ruminant health and growth performance appear to be inconsistent and may depend on the type or mixture of probiotics used (Malik and Bandla 2010). Supplementing pre-weaned calves' feed with multiple strains of probiotics consisting mainly Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inconsistent responses of mature ruminants to probiotics could be due to the variety of different types of probiotics used (Malik and Bandla 2010) or nature of the background diet (Frizzo et al 2011b). Moreover, studies have generally evaluated probiotics in ruminants fed conventional diets rather than diets based on low quality byproducts.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Response of ruminant health and growth to the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Le¹

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Probiotics are widely used to restore and maintain normal digestive flora to reduce metabolic disorders and improve health and productivity, especially in simple-stomached animals but less so in ruminants. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 (H57) is a novel probiotic that has previously been shown in a pilot study to reduce the risk of hay spoilage and, over a relatively short term of a few weeks, improved dry matter intake (DMI) and the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in pregnant ewes fed the treated hay. The aim of the current study was to evaluate H57 over much longer periods of time than the pilot study, to confirm health and performance responses such as daily weight gain (DWG) at key stress periods in a ruminant's life. The effect of H57 on rumen fermentation, digestibility and concentration of metabolic hormones were also investigated to better understand the actions of H57 in ruminants.The first experiment (Chapter 2) investigated the effect of H57 during the transition from pregnancy to lactation when ruminants undergo a rapid change in metabolic demand.Twenty-four pregnant ewes were individually fed pellets, based on palm kernel meal, to meet their requirements for pregnancy and to gain 70g/d. They were then fed an ad libitum mixture of lucerne and oaten hay during lactation. The H57 improved DMI and DWG in late pregnancy and consequent lamb growth in early lactation. During late pregnancy, the ewes fed H57 ate 16.6% more pellets, retained 45% more nitrogen between 39 and 26 days prior to parturition, and were 17% heavier by parturition. H57 inoculated pellets did not change the digestibility of dietary energy or protein but did modify rumen fermentation toward an increase in the concentration of butyrate and valerate.In the second experiment (Chapter 3), the effect of H57 was investigated around the weaning process, another commonly stressful period in ruminant life. Twenty-four male or female calves were allocated into two groups, and between 4 and 12 weeks of age were individually offered 6 L/d of whole milk and ad libitum starter pellets impregnated with or without H57. Similar to the first experiment, calves fed H57 grew faster, tended to consume more pellets and were 14% more feed efficient compared to the Control calves. The duration of diarrhoea was 2 days less in the H57-fed calves compared to the Control calves. The H57-fed calves also weaned 9 days earlier and were 15.8% heavier at week 19. H57 also showed potential to stimulate rumen development by increasing plasma betahydroxybutyrate, which is an indicator of rumen development in young ruminants, and appeared to improve immunity by increasing the concentration of plasma globulin.iii Given the success of H57 in reducing the weaning age and incidence of diarrhoea in the dairy calves in the second experiment, it was considered there could be additional benefits if the H57 is added at the primary colonization time of the GIT microbiome, that is, as close to parturition as possible. Therefore in the third experiment (Chapter 4), ...

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Influence of microbial probiotics on ruminant health and nutrition: sources, mode of action and implications

et al. 2021

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Globally, ruminant production contributes immensely to the supply of the highest quality and quantity of proteins for human consumption, sustenance of livelihoods, and attainment of food security. Nevertheless, the phasing out of antibiotics in animal production has posed a myriad of challenges, including poor growth, performance and nutrient utilization, pathogen colonization, dysbiosis, and food safety issues in ruminants. Probiotics (direct‐fed microbials), comprising live microbial strains that confer health and nutritional benefits to the host when administered in appropriate quantities, are emerging as a viable, safe, natural and sustainable alternative to antibiotics. Although the mechanisms of action exerted by probiotics on ruminants are not well elucidated, dietary probiotic dosage to ruminants enhances development and maturation, growth and performance, milk production and composition, nutrient digestibility, feed efficiency, pathogen reduction, and mitigation of gastrointestinal diseases. However, the beneficial response to probiotic supplementation in ruminants is not consistent, being dependent on the microbial strain selected, combination of strains, dose, time and frequency of supplementation, diet, animal breed, physiological stage, husbandry practice, and farm management. Nonetheless, several studies have recently reported beneficial effects of probiotics on ruminant performance, health and production. This review conclusively re‐iterates the need for probiotics inclusion for the sustainability of ruminant production. Considering the role that ruminants play in food production and employment, global acceptance of sustainable ruminant production through supplementation with probiotics will undoubtedly ensure food security and food safety for the world. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Effect of source and dose of probiotics and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) on intake, feed efficiency, and growth of male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves

Cited by 47 publications

References 23 publications

Exogenous Enzymes in Ruminant Nutrition: A Review

Exogenous Enzymes in Ruminant Nutrition: A Review

Response of ruminant health and growth to the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Influence of microbial probiotics on ruminant health and nutrition: sources, mode of action and implications

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