Effect of source-sink manipulation on yield and related yield components in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz

Abstract

The distribution of nutrients and assimilates in different organs and tissues is in a constant state of flux throughout the growth and development of a plant. At key stages during the life cycle, profound changes occur, and perhaps one of the most critical of these is during tubers filling. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sources-sink manipulation to related yield and yield components of cassava cultivars Singgah. Experiment manipulation source using number of branches cropping (S) which consists of three levels i.e. S1: 1 branch planting; S2: 2 branches planting; S3: 3 branches planting and manipulation at the bottom of that manipulation of the bottom with the model sliced the bottom of the cuttings (L) which consists of three levels i.e. L1: Sliced flat cuttings; L2: Sliced oblique cuttings; L3: Sliced cuttings of two sloping sides. In the cassava plant there is a relationship between the source and the bottom. Manipulation treatment plant cassava with two branches crop resources, if interaction the bottom with the model manipulation cuttings incision flat base capable of increasing biomass as well as the amount of cassava tuber crop plant varieties Singgah. The diameter of the tubers if interaction with wedge base model of cuttings oblique slices one general interaction and manipulation of two branches crop with all models of the base of the cuttings slice significantly improves weight of tuber crop.

Growth Response of Local Cassava to Cutting Models and the Number of Buds

“…According to Hidayat (2004) the developing canopy is a stronger sink, while the root is a weaker sink. However, once the leaves become the sources, the distribution of assimilates to other organs such as roots or tubers changes (Amarullah et al, 2016). El-Sharkawy (2014) also highlights that the shoot and root compete for photosynthetic assimilates due to cassava's unique simultaneous development of sinks organ; however, to achieve high yield, shoot and root growth must be well balanced.…”

“…It is suspected that the larger the tuber size, the production of buds and leaves will gradually stop and the leaves will experience age, resulting in a decrease in the total leaf area also. According to Amarullah et al (2016), the success of root or tuber initiation is also influenced by the number of shoots on a cutting. Edmond et al (1975) added the presence of shoots in cassava is very important for the root or tuber initiation process.…”

Modeling cassava root system architecture and the underlying dynamics in shoot-root carbon allocation

“…The initiation and subsequent growth of tubers is a biochemically and morphologically coordinated change (Amarullah et al 2017). The simulation revealed a continuous accumulation of NSC (excess carbon harvested from photosynthesis, Figs.…”

Manejo pré-colheita e épocas de colheita de mandioca de mesa

“…For unpruned plants, higher DM and starch contents were observed in the roots (25.55 and 20.90 %, respectively) when compared with drastically pruned plants (24.76 and 20.11%, respectively), or had their leaves removed (24.95 and 20.30%, respectively) (Table 1). The reduced DM and starch contents in the roots of pruned and defoliated plants at 30 days before harvest were associated with the beginning of the starch-to-sucrose metabolization process for transportation and reconstitution of the aerial parts of the plant [16]. The decreased starch contents in the roots of pruned plants ten days before harvest were associated with activation of alpha-amylase 3 enzyme present in cell plastids, this being the key enzyme of this process [17].…”