Effect of spatial enhancement technology on input through the keyboard in virtual reality environment

Evaluation of Ultrasound Haptics as a Supplementary Feedback Cue for Grasping in Virtual Environments

“…This enables an evaluation of performance without changing the user's input habits, which has been successfully evaluated previously in AR/VR environments creating a one-to-one mapping of virtual and real worlds [36,41]. The range of tasks presented were a representative version of what could be expected in a password input scenario, where speech-based interaction will not be suitable due While previous studies have shown a preference for tilted keyboards in VR [5,41], they have mostly evaluated keyboard positions anchored to spatial surroundings. We proposed these alternatives to spatially fixed keyboards to support on demand access to typing capabilities, specially for inputting confidential information.…”

“…Virtual keyboards in immersive environments are limited in size and FOV of the devices. Therefore, improvement in pointing performance and key aiming accuracy without interference is vital to the design of virtual keyboards [41]. Lee et al used visual feedback as an additional support mechanism for text input in AR, using a colour changing ray-cast to showcase interaction state and width of the area [22].…”

“…The effect of hand representations on typing performance, workload and presence in VR was also explored [13,21], while a minimalist representation of the users' fingertips did also enhance keyboard visibility [13]. Yang et al used visual feedback in the shape of enhanced magnified raised keys to showcase when the fingers or participants were pointing to a particular key on the virtual keyboard in the VR environment [41].…”

“…Most of the approaches relied on ray-casting and pointing metaphors,and Xu et al suggested the use of ray-casting as the preferred visual interaction feedback method for AR HMDs, linked to reduced motion sickness while using hand-held controllers [40]. However, to what extent this is maintaned in freehand interaction have not been explored, while other aspects of visual enhancements, such as colour changes or other types of virtual highlighting, may also influence input performance [41].…”

Investigating the Performance of Gesture-Based Input for Mid-Air Text Entry in a Virtual Environment: A Comparison of Hand-Up versus Hand-Down Postures

“…Compared with other interactive tasks in a virtual environment, text input is a more complex and refined task. Prior researchers have investigated various interaction methods for typing in VR, such as wearable devices [1], VR controllers [2,3], head and gaze devices [4], pens and tablets [5], virtual touchscreens, and augmented reality keyboard [6,7], speech-to-text input device [8], and hands or gestures [9,10].…”