Effect of ß-Caryophyllene on insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats

Abstract

High fat diet feeding results in hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, which is a major pathological feature of type-2 diabetes mellitus. The use of oral hypoglycaemic drugs is limited due to its deleterious side effects and there is a need to find more efficacious agents for diabetes management. Hence, it is of interest to show the mechanism of action of ß-Caryophyllene on insulin signalling molecules in gastrocnemius muscle of high fat diet- induced type-2 diabetic rats. An oral effective dose of with ß-Caryophyllene (200 mg/kg b.wt) was given for 30 days to high fat diet (comprising 2% cholesterol, 1% cholic acid, 30% coconut oil, 67% conventional rat feed) and fructose fed type-2 diabetic rats to find out whether ß-Caryophyllene regulates IRS-1/Akt pathway of insulin signalling. The data shows that, ß-Caryophyllene treatment significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of insulin receptor (IR) in diabetic rats whereas there is no significant difference in mRNA expression of insulin receptor-substrate-1 (IRS-1) was observed among groups. The Akt mRNAand GLUT-4mRNA and protein level were also improved in gastrocnemius muscle of type-2 diabetic rats. Thus, we concluded that ß–Caryophyllene could be used as potential phyto medicine for type-2 diabetes management.

Effect of ß- Caryophyllene on Urocortin-3 expression in adipose tissue of high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats

“…Wistar rats a diet supplemented with high fat and fructose for 8-9 weeks causes insulin resistance in the animals (Vadivel et al, 2022). By reducing lipotoxicity and maintaining antioxidant capacity without altering caloric intake, 200 mg/day of β-caryophyllene significantly and equally reduces HFD-induced insulin resistance (Mani et al, 2021). In the current study the increasing HFFD-induced type-2 diabetic adipose tissue Urocortin-3 expression.…”

Effect of Carica papaya on IRS-1/Akt Signaling Mechanisms in High-Fat-Diet–Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Experimental Rats: A Mechanistic Approach

“…Likewise, Jung et al [ 61 ] reported that the treatment with asprosin improved insulin sensitivity by upregulating levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt phosphorylation. The high-fat-diet condition influenced these insulin signaling molecules, which further affected the translocation of GLUT4 through AS160, causing a decrease in glucose uptake that results in decreased glucose oxidation in peripheral tissues [ 62 ]. The above reports in our study hint at the possible signaling mechanism by which C. papaya exerts its antidiabetic property.…”

ß- Caryophyllene Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Liver of High Fat Diet and Fructose-Induced Type-2 Diabetic Rats

“…5) and protein levels (Fig: 6) of GLUT-2 were shown to be lower, but β-Caryophyllene therapy dramatically raised the same as the conventional medication metformin. In type-2 diabetic rats given a diet high in fat and fructose, we found that administering β -Caryophyllene reduced muscle insulin resistance [26]. After 10 weeks of high-fat and fructose feeding, the rodents' insulin sensitivity decreased as evidenced by their impaired insulin and glucose tolerance [26].…”