Effect of stacking fault energy on work hardening behaviors in Fe–Mn–Si–C high manganese steels by varying silicon and carbon contents

Xiong, Renlong; Peng, Huabei; Wang, Shanling; Si, Haitao; Wen, Yuhua

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.072

Cited by 64 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…The Hall-Petch law, however, cannot explain the much higher increase in the values of the strain-hardening exponent, ductility, tensile strength and toughness observed for the refined condition. These experimental values suggest that the austenite grain refinement caused a change in the role of slip and mechanical twinning during the plastic deformation of the cast Hadfield steel [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] .…”

Section: Mechanical Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Additionally, FCC metals are known to feature low values for this coefficient, suggesting that the austenite grain refinement might not be very effective to increase the yield stress of the Hadfield steel. However, the Hadfield steels show intermediate values for the stackingfault energy (20 to 40 mJ/m 2 ), which promotes the plastic deformation by the twinning mechanism (see Figure 1), using the {111}<11-2> twinning system of the austenite [11][12][13] . The synergetic action of the twinning and slip mechanisms during the plastic deformation might increase the values of the work-hardening coefficient and the toughness of the Hadfield and TWIP (twinning-induced plasticity) steels [11][12][13][14][15][16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors 19 affirmed, however, that the higher proportion of plastic deformation by mechanical twinning reduced the strain-hardening coefficient of the Hadfield steels. This brief literature survey [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] shows that there is an ongoing dispute over the role of the stacking fault energy of austenite on the mechanisms of plastic deformation (mechanical twinning versus slip). Additionally, it also demonstrates the need to understand how the interaction between slip and mechanical twinning might affect the values of the toughness and strainhardening exponent of Hadfield and TWIP steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the austenite grain refinement on the tensile and impact properties of cast Hadfield steel

2018

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This paper studied the effect of the austenite grain refinement on the tensile and impact properties of a cast Hadfield steel (12 % Mn, 1.2 %C and 0.65 % Si). The austenite grain refinement was obtained by hafnium inoculation. Microstructural characterization showed that the Hf-refined cast Hadfield steel featured a grain size of 600 µm, while the non-refined condition presented a grain size of 3000 µm. Mechanical test results indicated that the austenite grain refinement promoted an increase in the values of the yield stress (6%), the ultimate tensile strength (37%), the toughness (88%), the work-hardening coefficient (50%) and the Charpy absorbed energy (15%). Microscopic characterization of the fractured test-pieces indicated that the grain refinement increased the proportion of plastic deformation by the twinning mechanism and furthermore improved the values of the mechanical properties of the cast Hadfield steel considerably.

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Section: Mechanical Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the austenite grain refinement on the tensile and impact properties of cast Hadfield steel

2018

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“…Studies indicate that the ε martensitic transformation can occur if the stacking fault energy is below 18 mJ/m 2 ; mechanical twinning can take place if the stacking fault energy is in the range of 12-35 mJ/m 2 ; and therefore both ε martensitic transformation and mechanical twinning can occur simultaneously when the stacking fault energy is in the range of 12-18 mJ/m 2 ; dislocation glide becomes the dominant deformation mechanism when the stacking fault energy is above 35 mJ/m 2 [37][38][39][40][41]. Therefore, for the best SME, it is necessary to ensure that the stacking fault energy is below 12 mJ/m 2 for Fe-Mn-Si based SMAs.…”

Section: Criteria Of Achieving Giant Recovery Strains In Polycrystallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key criterion for achieving giant recovery strains in polycrystalline Fe-Mn-Si based shape memory alloys

Peng

Wang

et al. 2018

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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In this study, it is proposed that coarsening austenitic grains is a key criterion for achieving giant recovery strains in polycrystalline Fe-Mn-Si based shape memory alloys. In order to verify the hypothesis, the relationship between recovery strains and austenitic grain-sizes in cast and processed Fe-Mn-Si based shape memory alloys was investigated. The recovery strain of cast Fe-19Mn-5.5Si-9Cr-4.5Ni alloy with the coarse austenitic grains of 652 μm reached 7.7% while the recovery strain of one with the relatively small austenitic grains of 382 μm was only 5.4%. Moreover, a recovery strain of 5.9%, which is the highest previously published value for solution-treated processed Fe-Mn-Si based shape memory alloys, was obtained by coarsening the austenitic grains through only solution treatment at 1483 K for 360 min in a processed Fe-17Mn-5.5Si-9Cr-5.5Ni-0.12C alloy. However, its recovery strain was still 5.9% after thermo-mechanical treatment consisting of 10% tensile strain at room temperature and annealing at 1073 K for 30 min. This happens because annealing twins play a negative role, refining the austenitic grains, limiting the recovery strains to below 6%. In summary, coarse austenitic grains enable the achievement large recovery strains by two mechanisms. Firstly, the grains are bigger, and consequently there are fewer grain boundaries, and thus their suppressive effects of grain boundaries on stress-induced ε martensitic transformation is reduced. Secondly, coarse austenitic grains are advantageous to introduce  martensite with single orientation and reduce the collisions of different martensite colonies, especially when the deformation strain is large. As such, the ceiling of recovery strains is dependent on the austenitic grain-sizes.

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“…Many workers proved that precipitation hardening mechanism of austenite structure with fine precipitates should has the significant effect on strain hardening mechanism of austenite structure [7]. proved that chromium carbides precipitates have a strong effect on promoting the strain hardening of austenite structure of Hadfield steel, promoting its wear abrasion resistance [8,9]. On the other hand, there were many trials for attaining further development in such property by adding vanadium, titanium, and molybdenum [10,11].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Precipitation Hardening on the Properties Hadfield Steel

Mohamed

El-Fawkhry

Elnahas

2020

ERJ. Engineering Research Journal

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The precipitation hardening in chromium containing Hadfield steel is considered as the most traditional mechanism for promoting the technological and mechanical properties of such high alloy steel. Two methodologies of precipitation hardening were suggested to attain the strengthening mechanical and technical properties of this steel. Different precipitates of chromium carbides were stimulated through either pre and post solution hardening treatment. Thereby, the results of the two mechanism were compared in terms of precipitation morophology, compositions, and mechanical properties. It was found that the deteriorative of toughness was significantly observed at the post solution treatment. Fine chromium carbides Cr 7 C 3 , and Cr 23 C 6 were observed throughout the austenite matrix at 650 o C, and 700 o C as the temperature of presolution treatment technique. It was found that the morophology of chromium carbides has the most significant effect on promoting the strain hardening property of Hadfield steel studied. When conducting the age hardening regime followed the solution treatment observed the best toughness of Hadfield steel.

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Effect of stacking fault energy on work hardening behaviors in Fe–Mn–Si–C high manganese steels by varying silicon and carbon contents

Cited by 64 publications

References 24 publications

The effect of the austenite grain refinement on the tensile and impact properties of cast Hadfield steel

The effect of the austenite grain refinement on the tensile and impact properties of cast Hadfield steel

Key criterion for achieving giant recovery strains in polycrystalline Fe-Mn-Si based shape memory alloys

The Effect of Precipitation Hardening on the Properties Hadfield Steel

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