Effect of starvation on the performance of baby octopus (<i>Robsonella fontaniana</i>) paralarvae

Espinoza, Viviana; Viana, María Teresa; Rosas, Carlos; Uriarte, Íker; Farı́as, Ana

doi:10.1111/are.13387

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There were corresponding decreases in the overall length and mantle length of starved paralarvae, which are consistent with the breakdown of structural tissues to maintain metabolic demands following the exhaustion of yolk reserves. Starving experiments with O. vulgaris paralarvae aged 0 to 5 dph showed an even more pronounced reduction in dry weight of ~40% (from 0.23 to 0.13 g)(Estefanell et al, 2013), while a 24% decrease in dry weight of R. fontaniana paralarvae aged 0 to 5 dph(Espinoza et al, 2017) was similar to the current study. This decrease in dry weight of paralarvae during starvation is consistent with the energy demand for the basal metabolism of the highly active and predatory paralarvae.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

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Effect of hatching time and starvation on morphometrics and biochemical composition of Octopus tetricus paralarvae

Spreitzenbarth

Jeffs

2021

Aquaculture Research

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Rearing paralarvae of merobenthic octopus species from hatch to their benthic phase remains a difficult task, mainly due to unsuitable diets. Knowledge of their nutritional requirements is therefore crucial to providing appropriate diets. This study tracked changes in morphometrics and biochemical composition of Octopus tetricus paralarvae from the same brood that hatched at different times, and in starved paralarvae. Mean wet weight, dry weight, mantle length, arm length and protein content were highest in paralarvae that hatched at 0 days postfirst hatch, while the mean lipid content of paralarvae was not affected by hatching times. The mean wet weight of starving paralarvae continuously decreased, while the dry weight showed two distinctive declines between 0–1 dph and 3–5 dph. Both total length and mantle length were longest in paralarvae aged 0–1 dph compared to 4–5 dph under starving conditions. Paralarvae mean lipid content did not differ due to starving period but mean protein content decreased continuously. The most abundant fatty acids in paralarvae were DHA, EPA, palmitic acid and stearic acid across both experiments. The tendency of the protein content of developing and starved paralarvae to decline, while the overall lipid content remained largely unchanged, suggests that proteins were mainly catabolized, further indicating their importance for the formulation of artificial diets for octopus paralarvae.

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supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Starving conditions can occur in culture conditions when unsuitable diets are used and are thought to be experienced by paralarvae after hatching while they are developing their predatory abilities, and their yolk reserves become exhausted (Espinoza et al, 2017). Higgins et al, 2012).…”

Section: Morphometric Paralarvaementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hatching time and starvation on morphometrics and biochemical composition of Octopus tetricus paralarvae

Spreitzenbarth

Jeffs

2021

Aquaculture Research

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of artificial incubation to obtain hatchlings of octopus (Caamal‐Monsreal et al., ; Hanlon & Forsythe, ; Moguel et al., ; Uriarte et al., ; Van Heukelem, ). On the other hand, paralarval feeding is one of the major bottlenecks in the culture of octopus (Navarro, Monroig & Sykes, ), and although the first 5 days without feeding would not generate differences in their survival, if the fasting period is extended the survival will be affected (Espinoza, Viana, Rosas, Uriarte & Farías, ; Farías et al., ). However, none of these studies on octopus paralarvae have evaluated the possible differences in thermal tolerance that may exist among hatchlings obtained after maternal care or artificial incubation, or if the hatchlings were not fed during the first 5 days after hatching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal tolerance of paralarvae of Patagonian red octopusEnteroctopus megalocyathus

et al. 2018

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Patagonian red octopus, Enteroctopus megalocyathus, is a merobenthic octopus whose paralarvae have been successfully cultured up to juvenile octopuses. At present, high mortality during the paralarval period prevents the scaling from experimental rearing to commercial aquaculture. The aim of the study was to determine upper (CTMax) and lower (CTMin) thermal tolerance, acclimation response ratio (ARR) and thermal tolerance polygon of paralarvae from different culture conditions and subjected to seven acclimation temperatures (6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18°C) during the first 5 days of paralarval life. Culture conditions were two types of egg incubation (maternal care and artificial incubators) and two feeding regimes (fed or starved). Fed paralarvae showed thermal preferendum, while unfed paralarvae preferred much higher temperatures than those of acclimation. CTMin and CTMax increased along with the acclimation temperature. Lower values of ARR were obtained in paralarvae from artificial incubation, with this type of paralarva showing the least adaptability to thermal changes. Starved paralarvae showed the lowest values for thermal tolerance range (TTR) and smaller areas of thermal polygon than fed paralarvae. Rearing temperatures above 16°C may be considered suboptimal to paralarvae and affected by the conditions during the embryonic incubation.Rearing temperatures below 8°C may be considered suboptimal for all hatched paralarvae. Therefore, the other temperatures within this range could be used in the context of improving the culture management of paralarvae.

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“…Thus, although individuals are able to survive on internal energy stores for extended periods of time, they may still be destined to die if unable to replenish those energy stores much sooner than the LD 50 . One possible explanation for the difference between the starvation LD 50 and the starvation period resulting in 50% recovery is that extended periods of starvation may cause EBP individuals to lose the capacity to feed by inducing a reabsorption or atrophy of digestive structures (Espinoza et al, 2017;Takami et al, 2000). From that point on, individuals would then continue to deplete all remaining available internal energy reserves but be incapable of efficiently feeding and thus replenishing those energy stores if food were to become available again.…”

Section: Ability To Recover After Delayed Feeding For Ebp Invertebratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For individuals that do not feed before this point, both their survivorship and ability to grow are likely to be impaired (Chen et al, 2005;Roberts et al, 2001;Takami et al, 2000). The existence and timing of a point of no return has been studied for the larval phase of several species of intertidal invertebrates (Espinoza et al, 2017;Gebauer et al, 2010;Moran & Manahan, 2004;Yan et al, 2009) but has not been well established for EBP individuals of most species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of depleted initial energy reserves in early benthic phase mortality of six marine invertebrate species

Mendt

Gosselin

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Insufficient energy reserves are widely considered to be a primary factor contributing to high rates of early benthic phase mortality among benthic marine invertebrates, but this hypothesis has been based mostly on indirect, observational evidence, and remains largely untested. We therefore examined the role of initial energy reserves in regulating survivorship and growth during the early benthic phase. Recently settled or hatched individuals of six invertebrate species were collected from natural populations, maintained without food, and their survivorship was monitored. Contrary to expectations, starved individuals of all six species had high survivorship through the critical first 10 days of the early benthic phase, with half of the species experiencing <2% mortality, and the remaining three species experiencing only 6%–12% mortality. For five of the six species, 50% mortality was reached only after ≥50 days of starvation. Additionally, no difference in short‐term survivorship was detected among starved individuals of three different size classes (a proxy for energy reserves) of N . ostrina hatchlings. Finally, the effect of different durations of delayed feeding (0–50 days) on recovery (i.e., growth and survivorship) once food was made available revealed that duration of starvation prior to feeding can nevertheless have significant longer‐term impacts on the proportion of individuals that survive or their ability to grow. Together, these findings suggest that depleted energy reserves are not a primary cause of high mortality at the start of the early benthic phase, as had previously been hypothesized. Levels of energy reserves did influence growth, however, suggesting a possible indirect influence on performance by leaving individuals vulnerable for longer periods.

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Effect of starvation on the performance of baby octopus (Robsonella fontaniana) paralarvae

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of hatching time and starvation on morphometrics and biochemical composition of Octopus tetricus paralarvae

Effect of hatching time and starvation on morphometrics and biochemical composition of Octopus tetricus paralarvae

Thermal tolerance of paralarvae of Patagonian red octopusEnteroctopus megalocyathus

Role of depleted initial energy reserves in early benthic phase mortality of six marine invertebrate species

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