Effect of Storage on the Quality of Sachet-Vended Water in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana

Duwiejuah, Abudu Ballu; Cobbina, Samuel Jerry; Akrong, M. O.

doi:10.4236/jep.2013.46072

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is in accordance with the result of Sunday et al, 2011 who discovered a steady increase in bacteria counts of sachet water stored indoor for a period of eight weeks. Dissolved oxygen showed a gradual decrease from week one to week four which is similar with the findings of [17], who observed a general decrease in dissolved oxygen content of sachet water samples throughout his investigation period. However, no particular trend was observed in the values of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness and nitrate across the four weeks of storage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Storage and Exposure to Sunlight on the Quality of Sachet Water Sold in Ibadan Metropolis

Chinenye¹

2017

SJPH

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Abstract:Inadequate pipe borne water supply has led to rapid proliferation of sachet water companies in Nigeria. Recently, another dimension added to public health concerns on water quality is the storage and handling of sachet water by distributors and vendors. This study assessed the effect of storage and exposure to sunlight on the quality of sachet water in Ibadan, Nigeria. An experimental design was adopted. Two hundred sachets of water from ten brands were collected upon production from various factories. Water samples were divided into two groups: storage indoor (room temperature) and storage with exposure to sunlight for four weeks. Physicochemical and bacteriological analyses were carried out on the sachet water samples at baseline and after three days and weeks one to four of storage. The data obtained were analysed using SPSS (20.0). The bacteria isolated were E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia and P.vulgaris. Total bacterial counts decreased in the order: 0 to 1.5x10 4 cfu/100 mL (day 3) > 0 to 9.5x 10 2 cfu/100 mL (day 7) upon exposure to sunlight, however, there was continuous increase of bacteria count from day seven. Bacteria counts of water stored indoor increased throughout the study period. E. coli was present in all water samples by day 21. There was a significant difference in nitrite concentration between the two storage conditions across study period. This study revealed that storage duration and exposure conditions affect the quality of sachet water for drinking. Quality improvement of sachet water through exposure to sunlight was most effective on third day of exposure, while the maximum time of effectiveness was one week, beyond which the quality deteriorates fast irrespective of the storage condition. Hence, prolonged water storage beyond one week before drinking is discouraged.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Storage and Exposure to Sunlight on the Quality of Sachet Water Sold in Ibadan Metropolis

Chinenye¹

2017

SJPH

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“…Highest and lowest fungal counts recorded were 7 CFU/ml (Well 1) and 5 CFU /ml (Well 2). The result of total heterotrophic bacteria count obtained in this study disagrees with the findings of Duwiejuah et al [24] where higher value of 73 CFU/ml were obtained.…”

Section: Enumeration Of Microbial Isolatescontrasting

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their activity against bacterial biofilms

2022

STNANOMAT

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Emergence of new resistant strains of microorganisms to current antibiotics has become a major issue in public health; therefore, it is imperative to develop new bactericides. This study, thus, aimed at synthesizing silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) and determining their antibacterial activities on bacterial biofilms. Sachet water and well water samples were collected from sachet water industries and two hand-dung wells around Gbonagun piggery house, respectively from where isolation and identification of microorganisms was carried out using standard techniques. Identified bacterial isolates were screened for biofilm formation using tube test as well as Congo red method and the fungal isolate was used to synthesize AgNPs. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by the physical change of colour and absorption peak between 250-800 nm was evaluated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Further, the synthesized AgNPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Antibacterial activities of the silver nanoparticles on the biofilms formers was investigated using agar well diffusion method and the potential to prevent the growth of biofilms was evaluated. Predominant bacterium and fungi were Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus species. Biofilm formers as revealed by the tube test and Congo red method are: B. subtilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The color of the synthesized silver nanoparticles by A . niger was yellowish brown and control showed no colour change. The UV-visible spectra of the nanoparticles exhibited an absorbance peak at approximately 425 nm. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of coordinating NH 2 , OH, amides I and II among others, ligating functional groups in the biomass of A. niger responsible for efficient capping and stabilizing of the AgNPs. Synthesized AgNPs prevented the growth of biofilm formers by exhibiting highest zone of inhibition of 18.5 mm. The ability of the synthesized silver nanoparticles to inhibit growth of bacterial biofilms by Bacillus subtilis presents the mould (A. niger) as a vital bioresource in synthetizing AgNPs with good bactericidal activities.

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“…This work is also comparable to that of other researchers. Duwiejuah et al (2013) analysed sachet water samples in the Tamale Metropolis and found no E. coli in them. Ezeugwunne et al (2009) found E. coli (36%) in sachet water samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of E. coli from Drinking Water Sources for Humans and Farm Animals in Nyankpala Community of Ghana

Adzitey¹,

Sumaila²,

Saba³

2015

Research J. of Microbiology

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The study was conducted to determine the occurrence of E. coli in drinking water sources used by humans and farm animals in Nyankpala community of Ghana. Isolation of E. coli was done using a slightly modified procedure in the US Food and Drug Administration-Bacteriological Analysis Manual (FDA-BAM). A total of 200 water samples collected from six different water sources viz. sachet water (four different brands), tap water, well water, dam water, bottle water and water from the drinking troughs (drinkers) of farm animals were analysed. The average occurrence of E. coli in the different water samples was 58 (29%). The highest occurrence of E. coli was in well water 100% (20/20), followed by water from drinkers 80% (12/15), dam water 65% (13/20), rain water 50% (10/20) and tap water 10% (3/25). All sachet (0/80) and bottle water (0/20) samples were negative for E. coli. The number of well water samples positive for E. coli was significantly higher (p<0.01) than that of dam water, sachet water, rain water and tap water. This work indicated that some drinking water samples (well, drinkers, dam, rain water and tap water) in the Nyankpala Community of Ghana are contaminated with E. coli and thus humans and farm animals are at risk of foodborne infections from drinking water from such sources.

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Effect of Storage on the Quality of Sachet-Vended Water in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of Storage and Exposure to Sunlight on the Quality of Sachet Water Sold in Ibadan Metropolis

Effect of Storage and Exposure to Sunlight on the Quality of Sachet Water Sold in Ibadan Metropolis

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their activity against bacterial biofilms

Isolation of E. coli from Drinking Water Sources for Humans and Farm Animals in Nyankpala Community of Ghana

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