Effect of structure and surface properties on the catalytic activity of nanodiamond in the conversion of 1,2-dichloroethane

Abstract

The catalytic activity of a detonation nanodiamond and its Ni-containing forms in the conversion of 1,2-dichloroethane is studied and compared with the activity of other carbon and nanocarbon materials: carbon nanotubes, "Dalan" synthetic diamond, and fluorinated graphite. The surface and structure of the carbon materials are characterized using XRD, diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopy, XPS, BET, and TPR. The catalytic properties of the materials are studied using the pulsed microcatalytic method. It is found that the synthetic diamond, the nanodiamond, and its Ni-containing forms are catalysts for dichloroethane conversion in a nitrogen atmosphere, where the main product is ethylene. It is noted that the catalytic activity of deactivated diamond catalysts is restored after hydrogen treatment. It is shown that the carbon structure of the nanodiamond and the "Dalan" synthetic diamond with hydrogen groups located on it plays a key role in the dichloroethane conversion. It is found that the nanodiamond acts simultaneously as a catalyst and an adsorbent of chlorine-containing products of dichloroethane conversion.

Conversion of Secondary C3-C4 Aliphatic Alcohols on Carbon Nanotubes Consolidated by Spark Plasma Sintering

“…The presence of the basic sites (carbonyl groups and adsorbed O − /O 2 − [ 5 , 10 , 16 , 17 , 22 ]) on the CNTs_SPS_3 can be proved by approximately the same amount of acetone among the products at all studied temperatures [ 20 , 58 ]. Propanol-2 dehydrates to propylene and to diisopropyl over acid sites (usually carboxylic, lactonic and phenolic groups [ 16 ]) [ 20 , 58 ].…”

“…According to first-principles calculations defect sites in bent graphene units are active for water dissociation [ 61 ]. The catalytic activity can also originate from heteroatoms [ 3 ] and defects in carbon matrix [ 13 , 17 , 55 , 62 ] because of the formation of Stone-Wales defects.…”

“…Secondary alcohol conversion is used in industry including fine chemical synthesis and can be considered as a test reaction for basic and/or acidic sites on the surface of carbon materials [ 15 , 16 ]. A wide range of carbon nanomaterials were tested as catalysts including nanodiamonds (NDs) and their oxidized and reduced forms [ 10 , 17 , 18 ], carbon nanofibers [ 12 ], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with different morphology [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], oxidized CNTs [ 11 , 13 ], carbon nanoflakes (CNFs) and its nitrogen-doped derivatives [ 11 , 18 ], graphene oxide [ 19 ] and activated carbon [ 15 , 16 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Comparison of Morphological and Structural Characteristics of Nanopowder Particles Fabricated by Grinding Natural Diamond and Detonation Synthesis

“…Currently, nanodispersed diamonds and materials based on them find wide application in various branches of industry, in particular, as components of polishing compositions [1], lubrication oils [2,3], microelectronics elements [4][5][6], selective adsorbents and catalysts [7,8], drug carriers [9,10], and composite materials [11].…”