Effect of Substrate Type and Depth and the Irrigation Frequency on Growth of Semiwoody Mediterranean Species in Green Roofs

Papafotiou, Μ.; Pergialioti, Niki; Papanastassatos, E.A.; Tassoula, L.; Massas, Ioannis; Kargas, George

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2013.990.62

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…3 and 4). In agreement with previous studies with Mediterranean xerophytes cultured on green roofs in shallow substrates (Papafotiou et al, 2012(Papafotiou et al, , 2013, limited irrigation during summer period did not lead to significant reduction of plant growth. Because roots were able to directly draw water from the drainage layer and the moisture retention layer, it can be assumed that substrate moisture was not that influential on plant growth.…”

Section: Substratesupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Sedum taxa are a good choice for extensive green roofs, combining high drought tolerance with shallow root system that is harmless for the roof insulation membranes (Durhman et al, 2007;Rowe et al, 2012). Recognizing that green roofs are a means to increase biodiversity and habitat (Cook-Patton and Bauerle, 2012), as well as local character in urban areas, several researchers have turned their interest in native Mediterranean perennials, mostly xerophytes, capable of growing on extensive green roofs (Benvenuti and Bacci, 2010;Kotsiris et al, 2012;Nektarios et al, 2011;Papafotiou et al, 2012Papafotiou et al, , 2013. These species are usually taller and have larger canopy diameter than Sedum taxa and, thus, could be more effective than the latter in reducing water runoff from green roofs (Nagase and Dunnett, 2012;Whittinghill et al, 2015) and provide better thermal insulation of the building (Blanusa et al, 2013;Theodosiou, 2003;Vanuytrecht et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Agro-industrial wastes, locally produced, which are used in composting, as well as recycled materials are recommended for green roof substrates (Getter and Rowe, 2006;Molineux et al, 2009), contributing to the reduction of construction cost and carbon footprint. In this work, grape marc compost was used, as it has been found to be very efficient for various horticultural applications (Papafotiou et al, 2011a(Papafotiou et al, , 2011bReis et al, 2001), including green roofs (Papafotiou et al, 2012(Papafotiou et al, , 2013. It can also suppress plant pathogens, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii (Gorodecki and Hadar, 1990;Mandelbaum et al, 1985), and Pythium soilborne mycosis (Santos et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Growth of the Native Xerophyte Convolvulus cneorum L. on an Extensive Mediterranean Green Roof under Different Substrate Types and Irrigation Regimens

Tassoula

Papafotiou

Λιακόπουλος

et al. 2015

horts

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The possibility of using Convolvulus cneorum L., a native Mediterranean xerophyte, with compact dome-like canopy and extended blooming period, on extensive green roofs in areas with semiarid Mediterranean climate was investigated in a 27-month experimental period, which included three summers (the dry season of the year). The aim was to preserve the local character and biodiversity, as well as to reduce water consumption and construction weight. Convolvulus cneorum rooted cuttings were planted in the beginning of July 2011 in experimental modules on a fully exposed flat roof at the Agricultural University of Athens, with a green roof infrastructure (substrate moisture retention and protection of the insulation, drainage element, and filter sheet). Two types of substrate with 10 cm depth were used, one with soil, i.e., grape marc compost:perlite:soil:pumice (3:3:2:2, v/v) and a lighter one without soil, i.e., grape marc compost:perlite:pumice (3:3:4, v/v). Two irrigation frequencies were applied during the dry periods, i.e., every 5 days (normal) and 7 days (sparse) in 2011 and 2012 and every 4 days (normal) and 6 days (sparse) in 2013. The chemical properties of the two substrates were similar, while their physical properties differ slightly as the substrate that contained soil was holding more water at saturation and it had lower saturated hydraulic conductivity and higher easily available water (EAW). The substrate type affected growth since plant height and diameter, shoot number, and aboveground dry weight were promoted by the soil substrate. Irrigation frequency did not affect plant growth. However, plants cultivated on soil substrate and irrigated normally had the highest growth, particularly compared with plants in soilless substrate under sparse irrigation. Flowering was abundant in April (spring) and in the first year flower number was promoted by the soil substrate. During the dry periods, sparse irrigation resulted in increased stomatal resistance one day before irrigation, indicating that water availability was marginal for the plants, while normal transpiration rate was restored the day after irrigation. According to photosystem II photochemical parameters measured one day before and the morning after an irrigation event, no evidence of damage to the photosynthetic apparatus was recorded in any of the treatments. In general, after 27 months of culture, plant size and roof coverage was appearing more or less similar in all the experimental treatments, therefore the combination of the lighter soilless substrate with sparse irrigation is highly suggested for C. cneorum cultivation on Mediterranean green roofs.

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Section: Substratesupporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Growth of the Native Xerophyte Convolvulus cneorum L. on an Extensive Mediterranean Green Roof under Different Substrate Types and Irrigation Regimens

Tassoula

Papafotiou

Λιακόπουλος

et al. 2015

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“…This includes the Kadas Green Roofs Ecology Centre that opened in 2012 at the University of Haifa in Israel, North American grasslands and prairies investigations , in Australia (Godfree et al 2010), and throughout the Mediterranean (e.g., Benvenuti and Bacci 2010; Caneva et al 2013;Papafotiou et al 2013a;Papafotiou et al 2013b;. In Durban, South Africa the main impetus for designing green roof ecosystems is to make the city more resilient to climate change by contributing to green infrastructure, while protecting biodiversity by using species native to the region (van Niekerk et al 2011).…”

Section: Placing Species and Spaces In Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Green Roof Ecosystems

Sutton¹

2015

Ecological Studies

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Ecological Studies is Springer's premier book series treating all aspects of ecology. These volumes, either authored or edited collections, appear several times each year. They are intended to analyze and synthesize our understanding of natural and managed ecosystems and their constituent organisms and resources at different scales from the biosphere to communities, populations, individual organisms and molecular interactions. Many volumes constitute case studies illustrating and synthesizing ecological principles for an intended audience of scientists, students, environmental managers and policy experts. Recent volumes address biodiversity, global change, landscape ecology, air pollution, ecosystem analysis, microbial ecology, ecophysiology and molecular ecology.More information about this series at

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“…Therefore, it is critical in extensive green roofs to use plant species that withstand dry heat and water-deficits [10]. In recent years, research on the growth of shrubs in extensive green roofs is increasing [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16]. Plant growth in extensive green roofs with limited irrigation was found to be satisfactory for Artemisia absinthium L., Helichrysum italicum Roth., Helichrysum orientale L. [11,12], Origanum majorana L., and Santolina chamaecyparissus L. [12] at a substrate depth of 7.5 cm, and for Arthrocnemum macrostachyum, Halimione portulacoides [8], Convolvulus cneorum L. [13,14], Origanum dictamnus L. [14], Atriplex halimus [16], and Pallenis maritima [15] at a substrate depth of 10 cm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Irrigation Treatment on the Growth of Lavender Species in an Extensive Green Roof System

Paraskevopoulou

Tsarouchas

Londra

et al. 2020

Water

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In green roofs, the use of plant species that withstand dry arid environmental conditions and have reduced water requirements is recommended. The current study presents the effect of irrigation amount on the growth of four different species of lavender; Lavandula angustifolia, Lavandula dentata var. candicans, Lavandula dentata var. dentata, and Lavandula stoechas established on an extensive green roof system and used in urban agriculture. Two irrigation treatments (high and low) determined by the substrate hydraulic properties were applied. Plant growth studied at regular intervals included measurements of plant height, shoot canopy diameter, plant growth index, shoot dry weight and stomatal conductance. The results were consistent and showed that low irrigation reduced plant growth. With the exception of L. stoechas, the appearance of plants watered with the low irrigation treatment was satisfactory, and their use under low water amount irrigation is supported. Interspecies differences among lavender species were present in both irrigation treatments. Overall, L. dentata var. candicans showed the greatest growth, followed in descending order by L. dentata var. dentata and L. angustifolia. In parallel, for stomatal conductance, L. dentata var. candicans showed the lowest value, similar to L. dentata var. dentata, and L. angustifolia the largest. Differences in plant characteristics and size among the latter three species can be considered in the design of extensive green roof systems. The use of substrate hydraulic properties was shown to be important for irrigation management on extensive green roof systems.

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Effect of Substrate Type and Depth and the Irrigation Frequency on Growth of Semiwoody Mediterranean Species in Green Roofs

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Growth of the Native Xerophyte Convolvulus cneorum L. on an Extensive Mediterranean Green Roof under Different Substrate Types and Irrigation Regimens

Growth of the Native Xerophyte Convolvulus cneorum L. on an Extensive Mediterranean Green Roof under Different Substrate Types and Irrigation Regimens

Green Roof Ecosystems

The Effect of Irrigation Treatment on the Growth of Lavender Species in an Extensive Green Roof System

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